动物实验,肠道细菌 z-bo 2020-09-11 374

　　Mice with disordered gut flora may not be able to get rid of their frightening memories. This finding suggests that human gut bacteria may play an important role in learning. In the past decade, scientists have become more and more interested in the role of bacteria in maintaining human health, especially in the intestines, mouth and skin. The latest research has linked these bacterial community diseases with immune system problems and even behavior changes.

　　However, it is not clear how intestinal bacteria cause behavior changes. David Artis of Weill Cornell College of Medicine in New York, USA, and his colleagues studied the effects of antibiotics on learning and coping with terrible conditions in mice.

　　They trained rats to be afraid of making sounds: every time they heard a sound, their feet received a slight electric shock. Then, when the rats heard this sound again, they were stunned.

　　Under normal circumstances, if the mouse hears this sound many times without being shocked, the mouse will gradually eliminate its fear of this sound. This is called fading learning.

　　But before worrying about the sound, Artis et al. found that if mice were injected with powerful antibiotics that destroy most of the intestinal bacteria, this kind of regression learning would not be possible. I was not shocked to hear this sound, but the sound remained frozen. When looking at the brains of these rodents, it was found that different genes were activated in the mice that destroyed the gut bacteria. More importantly, there are different neural activity patterns in the tonsils and prefrontal areas related to fear and learning. We also found that mice treated with antibiotics or without microorganisms had lower levels of the four compounds and neuropsychiatric diseases (including schizophrenia and autism).

　　Andrew Holmes of the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, discovered that microbes affect certain intestinal functions, not only affecting postpartum development, but also affecting the chemical signals needed for a healthy brain. I think I will give. He said that changes in this situation will have a major impact on animals adapting to stress. However, keep in mind that this can only happen under very special circumstances, which require significant damage to the microflora.