卵巢癌 z-bo 2020-09-15 360

　　Ovarian cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to be diagnosed at an early stage due to the lack of unique symptoms. Fortunately, scientists from the A*STAR Institute of Biology (IMB) and the Institute of Bioinformatics (BII) recently provided important new clues for the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of ovarian cancer.

　　The three major cancers affecting women include breast cancer, ovarian cancer and uterine cancer. Of these three types of cancer, ovarian cancer is the most worrying because it lacks obvious symptoms in the early stages and is usually diagnosed in the late stages. It is very difficult to successfully treat ovarian cancer in the advanced stage, which leads to a high mortality rate.

　　IMB: Discovery of biomarkers for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer

　　IMB scientists have successfully identified a biomarker of ovarian stem cells-Lgr5, which is located in a subset of cells on the surface of the ovary. Lgr5 has previously been used to identify stem cells in other tissues, including the small intestine and stomach; this is the first time scientists have found this marker in the ovary. The research was published online in the journal Nature Cell Biology.

　　BII: Discovery of ovarian cancer-related mutations

　　Among the different types of ovarian cancer, high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) is the most common epithelial ovarian cancer and the deadliest ovarian cancer. Only 30% of patients can survive more than 5 years after diagnosis. At present, the pathology of HG-SOC is poorly understood, and there is a lack of markers for clinical diagnosis.

　　Through the application of bioinformatics to analyze a large amount of cancer genomics data, BII scientists have identified a mutant gene that can be used for the prognosis and development of HG-SOC personalized therapy, CHEK2, which has been confirmed as an effective prognostic marker for patient survival. Patients with the mutant gene died of the disease within five years after diagnosis. This finding was published in the recent "Cell Cycle" magazine.

　　At present, the mortality rate after diagnosis of ovarian cancer is still very high, because the patients received a single chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and no personalized treatment was taken due to the different nature of the cancer cells between the samples. These findings provide a basis for the development of personalized diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer.

　　Professor David Lane, chief scientist of A*STAR, said: "These results show that the different research institutions of A*STAR jointly provide their expertise for the development of research on different aspects of the same disease, so that they can fully diagnose and treat the disease. A study of orientation."