动物实验,干细胞 z-bo 2020-09-15 347

　　In recent days, after scientists have unveiled the mystery of the stem cell generation, a way to cure various blood diseases and immune diseases is in sight. Researchers published a paper in the journal “Nature” that they identified for the first time the production mechanism of hematopoietic stem cells in the body, and found that hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and umbilical cord blood are crucial because they can supplement the body’s blood cells. supply. Some leukemia patients have successfully used hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation, and medical experts believe that hematopoietic stem cells may have a wider application.

　　Chief Researcher Professor Peter Currie explained that understanding how hematopoietic stem cells renew themselves for blood cell replenishment is the core theory of stem cell biology. "Hematopoietic stem cells are the best treatment tool at their disposal because they can differentiate into any kind of blood cells in the body. In the future, we will use these cells in many ways instead of just using transplantation methods to treat serious blood diseases. But the premise is that we can discover how they are produced. Our research is one step closer to the occurrence of this possibility." He said.

　　A serious obstacle to the widespread use of hematopoietic stem cells prevents them from being produced in the laboratory. The reason derived from previous studies is that molecular "switches" may also be necessary for the formation of hematopoietic stem cells, but its mechanism has remained unknown until now. In this latest study, the researchers observed cells in the developing zebrafish, a tropical freshwater fish known for its regenerative ability and clear embryos-it collects new information to signal hematopoietic stem cells. The researchers used a high-resolution microscope to make a video to observe how these stem cells are formed in the embryo, so that they can be captured vividly and in detail. Professor Currie said that when these videos were broadcast, they discovered that hepatic hematopoietic stem cells need a cell type that functions as a "partner" to help them complete their development and differentiation. These "partners" are called endotome cells, and they have the ability to induce stem cells.

　　"Endotome cells are like a comfortable "sofa" for pre-hematopoietic stem cells to "rely on" to help them develop into fully mature stem cells. The formation of hematopoietic stem cells requires recognition of certain cell and signal requirements, but first of all, it must provide a basis for the formation of endotome cells "Professor Currie said. What is really exciting about these results is that if we can find the signals that appear in endotome cells that help the formation of embryonic hematopoietic stem cells, then we can create different blood cells in vitro to deal with various related diseases that require blood. . "

　　"It is conceivable that you can even correct genetic defects in the cells and then transplant them into the body." Professor Currie said. "This work emphasizes how molecular processes play a key role in the formation of hematopoietic stem cells in the body. We now know that these transitional cells are crucial in the formation of hematopoietic stem cells, and we have documented the molecular processes." Dr. Georgina Hollway said.

　　The next stage of the research, Professor Currie's team will identify more molecular signals to guide the production of hematopoietic stem cells.