脑膜炎 z-bo 2020-09-15 375

　　Researchers at the University of Southampton have discovered two new vaccines that can prevent the spread of meningitis bacteria from person to person.

　　The vaccine works by reducing the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the nose and throat.

　　Meningitis is extremely devastating, and the research team at the University of Southampton believes that this discovery can change the development of future diseases.

　　Professor Robert Read of the Infectious Disease Group at the University of Southampton, who also led the study, said: “Usually the purpose of vaccination is to induce high levels of antibodies in the blood to protect the body against diseases, but we know these antibodies. It will disappear in a few months. This study tells us that these two vaccines have another effect, which can affect the spread of bacteria in the throat, which explains why they are so effective in the population."

　　The study was published in The Lancet. The vaccine was tested for efficacy in more than 10 research centers in the UK. The two meningitis vaccines were MenACWY-CRM and 4CMenB, and the participants were aged between 18. Between -24 years old.

　　Participants were given twice the dose of the control vaccine, or twice the dose of 4CMenB vaccine, or the standard dose of MenACWY-CRM vaccine, or placebo.

　　The MenACWY-CRM vaccine successfully reduced the transmission rate by 39%, and the 4CMenB vaccine successfully reduced the transmission rate by 20-30%. It is worth noting that the latter has just recently been approved by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization (JCVI).

　　Meningitis is a disease in which the meninges or meninges (the membrane between the skull and the brain) are infected. Meningococcus is very common, usually a small part (about one-tenth) of healthy people carry these bacteria in the nose or throat without causing harm. The bacteria are spread through close contact between people. Anyone can get meningitis, but infants and young children are more susceptible.

　　Read said: "This is a very important task that can help more people stay away from meningitis. We have pointed out that vaccines work by changing the mode of transmission of bacteria, so even though there are no longer antibodies in the blood, they can still prevent The transmission in the throat also cuts off the transmission of infection with others. The vaccine provides a certain degree of group protection against meningitis, especially among young people."