膀胱癌,免疫疗法 z-bo 2020-09-17 346

　　In a study recently published in the journal Nature, scientists at Queen Mary University of London have made great progress in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer. In the past thirty years, there has been no major progress in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer. This study tested the therapeutic effects of MPDL3280A, which can block PD-L1 and PD-L1, a protein that helps cancer cells evade detection by the immune system. Bladder cancer is the seventh most common cancer in the UK, and about 10% of patients have entered the advanced stage of diagnosis. This makes treatment very difficult, and chemotherapy is the only option. Due to the small effects of toxicity and chemotherapy, many people eventually give up treatment, and the average survival time of patients after diagnosis is 12-18 months. In the past 30 years, MPDL3280A has made significant progress in the treatment of bladder cancer. PD-L1 protein tests were also performed on these patients, and about 30 of them were identified as PD-L1 positive tumors. After 6 weeks of treatment, the tumors of PD-L1 positive patients shrank by 43%, and after 12 weeks, the proportion of tumors increased to 52%. Two of these patients (7%) showed no signs of cancer on radiographic examination results. Among PD-L1 negative patients, 11% were positive for treatment. Research has also found that this treatment has long-term benefits. Safety is also unpleasant. Side effects include only the most common symptoms of fatigue and loss of appetite. The preliminary results of this clinical trial bring great hope to patients with advanced bladder cancer and also show that MPDL3280A is a very promising drug in the future.

　　Currently, MPDL3280A antibody drug has passed FDA's breakthrough therapy designation. If larger clinical trials show the same results, they may be widely used in patients by the end of 2015. Dr. Tom Pauls of the Bart Cancer Institute of Queen Mary University of London, who is in charge of the research, said: “This research is a major advancement in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer. For decades, chemotherapy has been the only option and expense for these patients. Needless to say, many patients have chemical reactions. I cannot afford any treatment. MPDL3280A shows an amazing response rate and can screen PD-L1 positive patients as targeted therapy."

　　Immunotherapy treats cancer in an interview with a BBC reporter. Tom Pauls said that cancer immunotherapy has created a new era of cancer treatment. His research team is dedicated to studying the tumor microenvironment and helping to predict which patients will respond to treatment. At the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting held in Chicago in June this year, a group of similar trials showed that cancer immunotherapy can improve the survival rate of patients with advanced skin cancer. 411 patients received penbrolizumab in clinical trials, and 69% of them survived for at least 1 year. In addition, in a study led by Yale University, patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, kidney cancer and other cancers also responded to immunotherapeutics. Professor Peter Johnson, Chief Clinician of Cancer Research UK, said: "By using the immune system, these new breakthrough therapies have produced many exciting results. This may be the new cancer therapy we have been seeking for a long time.