新免疫疗法,慢性病毒感染和癌症 z-bo 2020-09-18 309

　　A research team led by Y Yale University has discovered a promising new type of combined immunotherapy that can improve the body’s ability to resist chronic viral infections and cancer. Despite being attacked by T cells, T cells are the body’s resistance

　　The main defense against pathogens, but some viruses that still cause chronic infections (such as HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses) are still in the body. Will remain in. The reason is that over time, T cells gradually weaken, eventually leading to "T cell exhaustion." To overcome this process, Susan Kach, associate professor of immunobiology at Hyères University School of Medicine, led a research team that studied two signaling pathways that lead to T cell suppression. The first signal pathway is triggered by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The lipid is known to suppress the anti-tumor response of the immune system. To study the relationship between PGE2 and T cells, the research team studied virus-infected mice and observed elevated levels of PGE2, especially during chronic infections. Increased PGE2 will reduce the number of T cells that attack the infected cells and their antiviral function. Kaech believes that T cells have several receptors to maintain balance by telling them to stop or move forward. Cage said: "It turns out that PGE2 is another receptor that sends a stop signal." Next, the researchers tested the combined effect of blocking another PD-1 signaling pathway while the system reduces PGE2. Some previous studies have also confirmed that PD-1 inhibits T cells. The researchers used anti-PD-1 antibodies to treat virus-infected mice that failed to produce normal PGE2, and significantly improved T cell function through the combination of PGE2 and PD-1, causing the virus. We have observed that control can be strengthened.

　　Kach: "By blocking these two signal transduction pathways, the antiviral response is significantly improved compared to single treatment."

　　In the last step, the researchers helped control the pain. It was found that administration of commonly used non-inflammatory steroid anti-inflammatory drugs: Celecoxib/Celebrex (Celecoxib/Celebrex) can also promote T cells. Chen Junjie, a resident of the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, the first author of the paper, said: The main impact of this study is to show that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used as adjuvant therapies to treat patients with chronic infections and cancer. . Blocking PD-1 has shown important results in certain cancer experiments. Conventional drugs can enhance the effectiveness of blocking PD-1. Maybe," Cage said.