结核病 z-bo 2020-09-18 399

　　Tuberculosis (Tuberculosis, TB) is a chronic wasting infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), ranking first among serious infectious diseases caused by a single pathogen. According to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly one-third of the world's population is infected with Mtb, and there are approximately 8.8 million new cases of TB each year and 1.4 million deaths from TB. Research related papers on the research of rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys in tuberculosis were published by the Laboratory Animal Science of Wuhan University and other scholars.

　　TB mainly occurs through the respiratory tract, causing primary and latent TB infections. Primary TB, from the initial infection to the appearance of active TB, generally does not exceed two years, usually due to the decline of the body's immunity, and its pathological process may be faster or slower and contagious.

　　Rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys are the two most commonly used experimental animals for NHPs in TB research. Due to their different species characteristics, the sensitivity of rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys to Mtb is also different. Studies have shown that cynomolgus monkeys are more tolerant of Mtb than rhesus monkeys. Therefore, rhesus monkeys are more used to study active TB, while cynomolgus monkeys are more suitable as latent infection or chronic infection TB models. The application of rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys in TB research is mainly reflected in vaccine evaluation, drug development, and TB/HIV co-infection research.

　　TB is an ancient, fatal infectious disease with serious harm. Today, people’s understanding of its infection and immune mechanisms is still very limited. The establishment of NHPs TB models, especially the successful construction of animal models that simulate natural human TB infection, will provide a research platform for the development of TB infection and immune mechanisms. With the development of modern immunological technology, NHPs will play an increasingly important and even irreplaceable role in exploring the pathogenesis of TB, the body's immune response, and the development and evaluation of related vaccines and drugs.