动物实验,食物中毒,疫苗 z-bo 2020-09-24 400

　　You may not have noticed that when suffering from food poisoning or other infections, bacteria are busy "stealing" iron from your body. Many bacteria use special chemicals to capture the metals they need to replicate. However, a new study shows that this need will also lead to the destruction of bacteria.

　　Recently, two independent research groups have respectively developed anti-infection candidate vaccines targeting iron-trapping molecules for the first time. Although the vaccine cannot prevent mice from disease, it can slow down the infection.

　　In the human body, iron is a kind of "hot sale". This metal is very important for DNA replication and energy production. Bacteria also need iron to grow and divide, and they have a special molecule-ferrophilin, which can strip iron from protein. Then, by combining with a specialized carrier, the siderophore can transport this "precious cargo" back to the bacterial cell.

　　A research team from the University of Michigan in the United States has developed a vaccine against E. coli siderophore that can cause urinary tract infections. At the same time, a joint team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of California Irvine targeted the “culprit” of food poisoning. Salmonella on. They first immunized mice with the new vaccine, and a few weeks later used a lot of bacteria for these animals.

　　These two teams respectively published a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Paper 1 and Paper 2) that this vaccine against siderophores cannot prevent diseases, and the immunized mice are still infected, and some of the symptoms are severe. However, compared with control mice, the mice receiving the vaccine had significantly fewer bacteria. For example, experiments at the University of Michigan showed that compared with the control group, mice had 10 times fewer E. coli in urine and kidneys after immunization, and the symptoms of infection were mild.

　　Researchers said that these results are very important, but they are still in their infancy. Manuela Raffatellu, a microbiologist at the University of California, Irvine, who was involved in salmonella research, pointed out that “although it is very risky, it still works.” said Harry Mobley, a bacteriologist at the University of Michigan who participated in the study of Escherichia coli. Get ready for prime time. But anyway, I'm very excited."

　　Researchers hope that the vaccine can be tested in humans 5 years from now. Moreover, relatives of pathogenic bacteria usually produce ferrophils with similar chemical properties, and one vaccine may be able to fight different bacteria.