动物造模,动物毒素 z-bo 2020-09-25 347

　　In nature, as one of the basic means of survival and competition, the poison (toxin molecular mixture) system is an important and complex feature of many animals, and it continues to develop with the development of the animal world. The detailed study of animal toxins, such as their origin and evolutionary loss, their biological relevance and co-evolution with other species, helps people study and understand the basic issues of life sciences. We provide a good model.

　　So far, deadly and deadly ing stings and ing stings of poison-producing animals are still global problems that threaten human health. About 1.8 million people worldwide are poisoned by snake venom every year, and about 94,000 of them die. There have been at least 50,000 cases of poisoning caused by poisonous fish bites, and more than 1 million people have been bitten by scorpions and children. The symptoms of being bitten by scorpions are particularly obvious and there is a danger of death. However, the relationship between animal toxins and humans has also changed from an enemy to a friend. In the process of human self-awareness and the fight against diseases, "the fight between poison and poison" is the wisdom and practice of ancestors in traditional medicine, as well as many important physiological and pathological mechanisms in modern science. The analysis of new clinical drugs and the successful development and sale of drugs for animal toxins, including basic research that won the Nobel Prize and major discoveries of some new large-scale drugs. Animal toxins play an irreplaceable important role in the history, current and future basic biology and medical research and the development of innovative drugs.

　　Recently, the English version of "Animal Research" has been published by the Chinese editorial board of the official journal of the International Society for Biotoxicity, the Board of Directors of the Biotoxicity Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Toxicology, and the researcher Zhang of the Kunming Institute of Animal Science. Regarding animal toxin biology, animal toxins and human diseases, China’s toxin resources, the future direction and challenges of animal toxin research, the scientific significance of animal toxin research, the research and development status of the biological industry, a comprehensive and systematic summary of strategic biological resources Explain its value. This article summarizes the animal resources known to produce toxins distributed in China. The proportion of animal toxins that have been excavated in this country is less than 0.1%.

　　The latest advances in genomics and proteomics research indicate that many toxin-like protein peptides are expressed and distributed in various tissues of animal bodies, including mammals and humans. The function and molecular mechanism of protein peptides play an important role. This article also compares the important similarities between animal toxicity and immune system in terms of biological strategies and tasks, the origin and evolution of effector molecules, and molecular composition. Finally, it is pointed out that most of the current analysis of human physiology and disease mechanisms is carried out by model animals, and the basic principles are based on the evolutionary conservation and similarity between humans and model animals. I will. In nature, toxins are completely opposite to humans. They are produced by competition among animals and formed by evolutionary bonds. When it comes to the methodology of natural philosophy, this is an effective way to understand yourself through opposition. Therefore, the fundamental reason for people to study toxins is to achieve "intimacy" through "knowing the enemy".