动物造模,果蝇 z-bo 2020-09-26 447

　　The fruit fly schedule is easy to predict. Peak activities during the day and night are combined with rest periods. Currently, Celleports magazine reports that researchers have found that brain cell clusters are responsible for the peaks of various activities called oscillators in the morning and evening, rather than a separate task. The circadian clock of fruit flies is synchronized with the sun, and cooperation is the key. Patrick Emory of the University of Massachusetts School of Medicine said: “Without proper synchronization, the biological clock will be ineffective or even harmful to living organisms.” In addition, most organisms need to detect changes in day length to make Its rhythm adapts to the season.

　　Patrick Emery added: He emphasized: "Our work clearly shows that light is detected by unique neurons and can communicate with each other correctly to define the state of the circadian rhythm." .. The importance of neural interaction. The brain of fruit flies contains about 150 circadian neurons, including a small group of morning vibrators to promote daily morning activities, and another group of night vibrators to promote subsequent activities. Have. The morning oscillator can also set the molecular rhythm speed of other parts of the brain and the subsequent circadian behavioral state. Scientists believe that this depends on their photosensitivity. Emery calls it "cell autonomous light reception." In fact, these cells express cryptochrome (CRY), a photoreceptor specifically used in fruit flies. However, recent evidence suggests that from a simple point of view, something is missing.

　　In a new study, researchers use another clock component called JET (short for Jet Lag Syndrome) to monitor what happens with CRY’s ability to act in various circadian rhythm neurons. Achieved studies have shown that the vibrator light detection in the morning alone is not enough to enable fruit flies to complete their tasks in time. They also need those night oscillators.

　　The effect of JET exceeded expectations. In addition to enabling cells to sense light autonomously, proteins can also enable certain circadian neurons to speak to each other after rapid exposure, which is still unknown to researchers. The researchers also claim that this new model reveals that fruit flies and mammals are more similar when synchronizing their behavior with the sun. Special neurons in the mammalian brain's circadian pacemaker (called the supraclavicular nucleus or SCN) receive light input from the retina. These cells then communicate with pacing neurons to reset the entire biological clock network.