动物实验,基因组测序 z-bo 2020-09-28 398

　　Recently, scientists from the United States, Germany, and Japan have sequenced the octopus genome, and the sequencing results have been published online in the journal Nature. This is the first time that humans have sequenced the octopus genome, and the results of the sequencing surprised researchers.

　　The octopus used in this sequence is California double-spotted octopus (Octopus bimaculoides). The octopus genome is very large, containing 2.7 billion DNA base pairs and more than 33,000 protein-coding genes. For comparison, the human genome contains only 3 billion DNA base pairs and 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome of an octopus is approximately 5-6 times that of other invertebrates. Due to the abnormal size of the octopus genome, researchers previously believed that octopuses had undergone genome-wide duplication during evolution, that is, doubling the entire genome would produce new characteristics.

　　However, this sequence result does not support this view. On the contrary, the sequencing results showed that the increase in the taco genome was mainly concentrated on two genes. One of these two genes is involved in the synthesis of zinc finger transcription factors, which can regulate the synthesis of other proteins, and researchers believe that they may play a role in the development of the nervous system. .. The other is related to the synthesis of primitive calcium. Mutant proteins are related to this protein in mammals and can regulate the development of the nervous system. Researchers have confirmed that these genes are expressed in the nervous system of octopus, so these genes are octopus. Presumably, this is also related to the development of the nervous system. This can help people understand why octopuses have a highly developed nervous system, which is rare in invertebrates. participate

　　Sequence researchers joked that this is the first time that humans have sequenced something similar to an alien creature. There is no doubt that this sequence will help you better understand the unique creature octopus.