母体肠道微生物,胎儿大脑发育 z-bo 2020-10-09 293

　　In a new study, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles report that billions of bacteria and other microorganisms in the maternal intestine regulate the main metabolites of mice during pregnancy. The healthy development of these small molecule fetal brains is very important. Maternal intestinal flora is always related to abnormal brain function and behavior of offspring, but scientists usually don't know that this phenomenon is caused by infection, high-fat diet and stress during pregnancy. In the absence of such environmental challenges, will it affect brain development at the critical moment before delivery? These researchers kill intestinal bacteria to test the effect of the intestinal flora on the metabolites and other biochemical substances that circulate and metabolize maternal blood and nourish the fast-growing fetal brain. Therefore, we raised mice that were treated with antibiotics.

　　"Using these two methods to eliminate the maternal intestinal flora will also disrupt the fetal brain development," said Helen Vuong, a postdoctoral fellow at the Elaine Shaw Institute at UCLA. .. Vuong said that eliminating the maternal intestinal flora will change development. The genes turned on in the brains of the offspring of Chinese families contain many genes involved in the formation of new neuronal axes. Shafts are thin fibers that connect brain cells and allow them to communicate with each other. In particular, these researchers found that the number and length of the axis connecting the thorax and cerebral cortex were reduced.

　　Vuong said: "These axes are especially important for the ability to perceive the environment. Correspondingly, the offspring of mothers who lack intestinal flora also have obstacles to certain sensory behaviors." Vuong said. The results of the study show that the intestinal flora of pregnant women can promote the healthy development of the fetal brain by regulating the metabolites entering the fetal brain itself.

　　She said: “When measuring the types and levels of pregnant women’s blood, fetal blood and fetal brain molecules, when the mother lacks intestinal flora during pregnancy, will certain metabolites usually decrease? Can’t be found.”

　　Next, these researchers cultivated neurons in the presence of these important metabolites. They also introduced these metabolites into pregnant mice lacking intestinal flora.

　　Vuong said: "Culturing neurons in the presence of these metabolites will produce longer and more axis. When the intestinal flora is cleared, pregnant mice can be supplemented. When the main metabolites are reduced or absent, the fetus The levels of these metabolites in the brain are restored, thereby preventing the development of axons and the destruction of offspring’s behavior. .. His extraordinary ability is impressed by the intestinal flora, not only regulating many biochemical substances in pregnant women, but also regulating development Many biochemicals in the fetus and fetal brain. These results also accurately point out selective metabolites that promote axillary growth."

　　These results indicate that the interaction between the intestinal flora and the nervous system begins at least before delivery. Showing that it affects the fetal brain through the maternal intestinal flora, Xiao said it is not clear whether these findings are applicable to humans. "I don't know if and how these findings apply to humans, but it is believed that many neurodevelopmental disorders are caused by genetic and environmental risk factors encountered during pregnancy. Yes, according to our research, pregnant mothers need to consider Intestinal flora and do further research, which not only affects the health of the mother, but also the health of the developing offspring.

　　Hsiao, Vuong et al., a report on serotonin and serum targeting. Drugs such as antidepressants can have a significant impact on the gut microflora. In 2018, Xiao and her team determined the causal relationship between epilepsy susceptibility and intestinal flora, and identified specific intestinal bacteria that play an important role in the anti-epileptic effects of the keto diet.