心肌梗死动物模型 z-bo 2020-10-13 353

　　[Modeling mechanism]: Insert a balloon into the superficial branch of the right coronary artery through arterial intervention, and use an air pump to inflate and occlude the balloon to create an animal model of myocardial infarction.

　　[Modeling method] Pig: Choose a piglet weighing 18-22 kg, and then apply 30 g/l pentobarbital to your ears through an intravenous bolus of 3 to 5 ml. Stand up in minutes. Lie down stable. Next, a trocar was used to quickly establish a vein leading to the ear vein of the pig, and after a slow bolus injection of 30 g/L pentobarbital (1 ml/kg) after anesthesia, the animal was operated on in the intervention room. I put it on the inclined position of the table. Lay the pig on its back, adjust the right condition, the skin of the front chest, and the limbs, and spread the towel after regular disinfection. After the arterial puncture, the arterial sheath is supplied from the guide wire. Heparin is 1000 U/kg, and the injection is repeated every hour. Using a 45° left anterior oblique position, insert the right coronary artery induction catheter into the ascending part of the aorta, align the catheter opening with the coronary artery opening through the angiography position, and perform the left coronary angiography to compare the injection of drugs, analyze the coronary artery distribution and set the guide wire , And then send the distal end of the LAD to block the target vessel and place the balloon in place. At this time, the balloon can be used as an embolic agent to permanently embolize the LAD, or the balloon can be removed after blocking the LAD. To block the LAD with a balloon, block the advancing blood at 60 second intervals for 1, 2, 5 minutes, then pull out the balloon, cut the balloon as it is, and smoothly polish both ends. The guide wire is pushed into the obstruction, the balloon is permanently implanted into the distal end of the anterior descending coronary artery, and the operation is ended after the guide wire and catheter are pulled out. If you choose to occlude the LAD, after the balloon reaches the end of the anterior descending coronary artery, the balloon will also be pressured to continuously block the blood flow for 60 minutes. An angiography confirmed that the blood flow was blocked, and the balloon was pulled out 60 minutes later. Alternatively, insert the 6F catheter into the femoral artery and perform coronary angiography to determine the best location for the obstruction, and then place the balloon catheter at the distal end of the first diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery and the balloon. Pressurize to 6-8. The blood flow was completely blocked for 45 minutes at 1 bar. The model was tested by coronary angiography and a small minibus acute myocardial infarction model was established.

　　[Model Features] Compared with the modeling method of myocardial infarction that requires thoracotomy, balloon embolization and closure avoids significant physical damage to animals and between model animals and the incidence of myocardial infarction. Reduce different physiological and biochemical changes. Less trauma, easy operation and management, good postoperative recovery, and significantly reduced postoperative mortality (u003c10%). This method has accurate positioning, reliable results and good repeatability. Easy to implement on small animals. Coronary arteries can be completely blocked or partially blocked and opened, causing myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. This method requires imaging technology as a support, and requires advanced experimental skills.

　　[Model Evaluation and Application] The balloon-induced coronary embolization process in this model is similar to the pathological process of human coronary embolism. The damage to the model is small, so animals can be used for drug intervention during model creation. The research scope is wider. It is also convenient to conduct ischemia/reperfusion studies according to research needs. However, the cost of the balloon is relatively high, the intervention process requires imaging equipment and related technologies, and requires high equipment conditions.