局部麻醉,实验动物 z-bo 2020-10-13 362

　　Local anesthetics can be used to block the impulse conduction of peripheral nerve endings or nerve trunks, ganglia and plexuses, thereby forming a local anesthetic area called local anesthesia. It is characterized by that the animal wakes up, slightly interferes with the function of vital organs, and has almost no complications of anesthesia. This is a safer method of anesthesia. Suitable for various short-term experiments on large and medium-sized animals. There are many methods of local anesthesia, which can be divided into surface anesthesia, local infiltration anesthesia, local block anesthesia and nerve trunk (plex) block anesthesia.

　　(1) Surface anesthesia: The use of local anesthetics to penetrate the mucosa and block the nerve endings on the surface is called surface anesthesia. During operations on the oral cavity and nasal mucosa, conjunctiva, urinary tract and other parts, anesthetics are usually applied, dripped, sprayed on the surface or applied to the urinary tract for anesthesia.

　　(2) Local block anesthesia: Anesthetic is injected around and below the surgical area to block the conduction of concentric pain called local block anesthesia. The commonly used drug is prokine.

　　(3) Nerve trunk (nerve) block anesthesia: Anesthetic is injected around the nerve trunk (nerve) to block conduction, and the nerve trunk (nerve) is block anesthetized. It is called the nerve trunk (nerve plexus). The commonly used drug is lidocaine.

　　(4) Local infiltration anesthesia: Anesthetic is injected layer by layer along the surgical incision to disperse the tension of the liquid and immerse the tissue to anesthetize the sensory nerve endings. This is called local infiltration anesthesia. The commonly used drug is prokine. For local infiltration anesthesia, first fix the animal and inject 0.5% to 1% procaine hydrochloride intracutaneously to make the local skin surface look like orange peel-like bumps (called skin mounds), and then Skin mounds. Subcutaneous layered injection. When expanding the infiltration area, pierce the needle tip from the infiltration area until the skin in the area requiring anesthesia is infiltrated. You need to pull the syringe with each injection to avoid poisoning by injecting anesthetic into the blood vessel.