急性胰腺炎,动物模型 z-bo 2020-10-14 291

　　Animal models of pancreatitis are the best way to study the etiology of pancreatitis and explore clinical treatments. However, due to the different causes of different types of pancreatitis, the etiology of pancreatitis is still unknown and there is no good method. The animal model can simulate human pancreatitis. However, Busnar-do et al. injected a mixture of bile and olive oil into the pancreatic duct of dogs in 1856 and successfully induced an acute pancreatitis model.

　　1, modeling with sodium taurocholate

　　1) Model establishment method: The rats were fasted for 12 hours before the operation, freely drinking, intraperitoneal anesthesia and fixed 2 mg/100 g body weight pentobarbital solution. Enter the abdomen through a midline incision in the upper abdomen, lift the duodenum, and fix the duodenal segment and the hilar pancreaticobiliary duct with small blood vessel clips. Puncture the pancreaticobiliary duct with a TB needle (4.5 needle, 1 ml syringe) (preferably a micro pump injection), inject 5% C sodium taurocholate (0.1 ml/100 g) for 1 minute, stay for 5 minutes, and then Remove the needle. And remove the vascular clip. Observe obvious edema and hemorrhage in rat pancreatic tissue, and suture all layers of abdominal wall.

　　2) Model features and functions: This method is a more mature model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).

　　3) Notes on establishing and using models: The 24-hour survival rate is about 50%

　　2, Frogpis model

　　1) How to establish a model: The rats were fasted for 12 hours and free drinking water before the operation, and injected intraperitoneally with frog skin (25μg/kg), 5 hours after injection, edematous acute pancreatitis (CIP)

　　2) Model features and functions: This method is a model of mild edematous acute pancreatitis. Yes.

　　3) Model installation? Precautions for use: Currently, ANP is mainly researched in China. Please pay attention to your research when using this model.

　　3, retrograde bile duct injection

　　The pancreatic duct is ligated, inserted into the main pancreatic duct cannula, and injected through the main pancreatic duct. Substances that can activate pancreatin or pancreatin, such as sodium deoxycholate and autologous bile. Injecting pancreatin into the pancreatic duct can cause acute pancreatitis, while injection of PGE2 can cause acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Schmidt et al. created a rat model of acute pancreatitis by combining small doses of pancreatic islet infusion with intravenous bombesin. This can cause uniform damage to the gland cells, accompanied by moderate necrosis, suitable for the study of pancreatitis. Pancreaticobiliary duct ligation

　　4. Ligation of the lung bile duct to the duodenum or simply ligation of the pancreatic duct. Lerch and his colleagues used an ampoule to ligate the pancreatic duct. Ligative pancreatitis appeared 6 hours after ligation, and bleeding, necrosis, and inflammatory cells appeared 12 hours later. infiltration. The advantage of this model is that it is simple and avoids non-specific systemic effects caused by drugs. This is similar to human bile reflux pancreatitis, but may only cause mild pancreatitis. unzi etc. By incising the proximal end of the duodenum by 10 cm, closing both ends to ligate the common bile duct, anastomose the stomach and duodenum to flush the pancreatic juice into a closed circuit, and reflux when the internal pressure rises, thereby improving this method. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis develops 4 hours after surgery, which progresses to edematous pancreatitis, and hemorrhagic necrosis occurs 9-12 hours after surgery. Acute pancreatitis also exists due to pancreatic duct ligation and pancreatic artery/vein obstruction.

　　5. Feeding method The acute pancreatitis model is established by female rats fed with choline thioine and is not sensitive to the stimulation of male rats. Four days after feeding baby rats with choline-free methionine, pancreatic necrosis and abdominal fat necrosis occurred. Normally, the alveolar secretion of the pancreas is blocked by choline-free methionine, which activates zymogen granules and lysosomes in the cell.

　　6. Methods to promote secretion The myoglobin analog CCK-PZ is used intravenously or subcutaneously. It significantly increases the secretion of proteolytic enzymes in the pancreas to a level that can cause pancreatic atrial autolysis.

　　7. Isolated pancreatitis model

　　mainly use isolated in vitro perfusion technology, free pancreas and duodenum and spleen. The cannula is inserted into the artery, mesenteric artery, portal vein, and pancreatic duct to remove the pancreas and connect an oxygen and perfusion circulator that can control temperature and humidity. After 30 minutes of stable perfusion, free fatty acids were injected through the artery to simulate alcoholic pancreatitis. Block pancreatic ducts and veins. Injection of myoglobin can cause biliary pancreatitis and cause ischemic pancreatitis lasting for 2 hours.