实验动物,小鼠肿瘤 z-bo 2020-07-27 665

　　Research on the application of mice in oncology:

　　"1. Inbred mice have a high incidence of spontaneous tumors, such as 90% of leukemia in AKR mice and 97% of breast cancer in C3H mice. The results show that C3H has a milk factor inherited from female offspring, and the combined action of this milk factor and hormones may cause breast cancer. (The incidence of breast cancer in C57BL mice is very low, and the incidence of blood diseases is 6%)

　　2. Tumor model replication: mice are sensitive to carcinogens, radiation and certain viruses, as shown below: can induce a variety of tumors: 2 ethyl nitrosamine-mouse lung cancer, methyl cholangiocarcinoma-mouse gastric cancer and cervical cancer Cancer-; Infection with mouse leukemia virus can induce leukemia; Infection with human adenovirus can induce mouse sarcoma and lymphoma. 3. Transplantable tumor model: by inoculating mice with related strains with a certain number of tumor cells, such as various solid tumors, ascites tumors, leukemia or cell-free filtrate (viral tumors), a group of these strains are prepared. The resulting mice have the same tumor, the same growth rate, small individual differences, and the survival rate of the vaccine reaches 100%. This tumor model is usually used in research to screen new anti-tumor drugs.

　　4. Application of immunodeficiency mice in tumor research: immunodeficiency mice are mice that lack one or more immune system components due to congenital genetic mutations or artificial methods. Nude mice are mice with mutations in the recessive nude gene (nu) on chromosome 11. Its physiological characteristic is the lack of thymus and T cells. Although B cells are functionally defective, they belong to immunodeficient mice and can be transplanted with allogeneic tumors. Currently, more than 40 human tumors are being transplanted. SCID mice are mice with a mutation in the SCID gene on chromosome 16. Its physiological characteristics are the lack of T cells and B cells, as well as the lack of immunoglobulin in the serum. It is a severely combined immunodeficiency mouse that can be transplanted with allogeneic tumors.