眼部癌,免疫疗法 z-bo 2020-10-16 310

　　In a recent article, researchers discovered that a combination of CAR-T cells and immune enhancers packed in an injectable gel can save the eyesight of mice transplanted with human retinoblastoma tissue.

　　On October 12, 2020, "Nature Cancer" published the results of a study by scientists at the University of North Carolina, Rheinberg University Comprehensive Cancer Center.

　　In the United States, about 200-300 children are diagnosed with retinoblastoma every year. This is a rare type of cancer. At present, the treatment of retinoblastoma includes chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but vision has not been protected, so UNC researchers hope to find a way to maintain vision. First, the researchers tried chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy. This is an immunotherapy that modifies T cells, including the immune system, in the laboratory to target the surface of cancer. Protein chimeric antigen receptor CAR. Laboratory tests have shown that the GD2 molecule is expressed in retinoblastoma, but the possibility of targeting this molecule to safely eliminate ocular tumors is unclear.

　　Next, in order to test the safety and benefits of targeting GD2, the researchers injected molecular recognition CAR-T into the markings of mice transplanted with retinoblastoma cancer cells. Developed treatment methods have found that the recovery of the tumor is delayed, but the tumor has not been eradicated. Next, we combined CAR-T with interleukin (IL)-15 (a protein that can enhance immune response) and found that 60% of the mice were tumor-free for up to 70 days. Finally, they injected a hydrogel containing CAR-T and IL-15 into the mouse retina. CAR-T and IL-15 retain the ability to attack cancer cells, control tumor growth and prevent tumor recurrence. They confirmed the limitations of tumor growth through several imaging tests on the retina. This gel encapsulation therapy is currently being tested in clinical trials for childhood neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor that can develop rapidly and has the same genetic characteristics as retinoblastoma.