前列腺癌,验血 z-bo 2020-10-17 324

　　A new study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center showed that if prostate cancer patients’ tumors contain a protein called AR-V7, it can be detected in the blood To this protein. Treatment with two widely used drugs for metastatic prostate cancer may not be effective. The researchers said that if these results can be confirmed in large studies, then prostate cancer patients should avoid these two drugs, and if blood levels of ARV7 can be detected, they should take other drugs.

　　This study evaluated two groups (31) of patients with extensive prostate cancer. Although testosterone levels are low, blood prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are still elevated. Researchers took Enzartamide (Xtandi) or Avilaterone (Zytiga) to each patient and tracked whether PSA levels continued to rise, thus indicating whether the drug was effective. In the enzaltamide group, 12 patients with AR-V7 positive in their blood did not respond to the drug, while 10 of the 19 patients who did not test for AR-V7 responded to the drug. done. In the avilateron group, all 6 AR-V7-positive patients did not respond to the drug, but 17 of the 25 AR-V7-deficient patients responded to the drug. Dr. Emmanuel Antonalakis, assistant professor of oncology at Johns Hopkins University, said that enzaltamide and avilateron can prolong the lifespan of prostate cancer patients by about 80%, but the remaining 20% of these two drugs. Effective for prostate cancer.

　　Antonalakis said: "So far, it has not been possible to predict which patients will not respond to these treatments. If other researchers confirm the results, blood tests can use AR-V7 as a biomarker to predict." Resistance to enzaltamide and avilateron Sex will guide AR-V7 positive patients to accept other types of treatment as soon as possible, thereby saving time and money and avoiding ineffective treatments. Prostate cancer depends on the growth of male sex hormones (including testosterone). Enzartamide and avilateron target a protein called the androgen receptor, which blocks the receptor's ability to activate prostate cancer cells. AR-V7 is a shortened androgen receptor that lacks targeted binding sites for enzaltamide and avilateron. Without the binding sites of these two drugs, AR-V7 can freely manipulate the genetic material of prostate cancer cells to grow and spread cancer cells.

　　Antonarakis and his colleague Dr. Jun Luo-He first discovered AR-V7 in 2008 and also tracked the patient’s progression-free survival (from the start of tumor treatment to the appearance of secondary tumors). See duration) and overall survival rate. Among patients treated with Enzamide, the progression-free survival of AR-V7-positive patients was 2.1 months, and the survival of AR-V7-negative patients was 6.1 months, and the overall survival rate was AR-. Between V7 positive patients and AR-V7 positive patients. The negative patients were 5.5 months and 9 months respectively. Similarly, among patients treated with Avilazone, the progression-free survival rates of AR-V7 positive and negative patients were 2.3 and 6 months, and the overall survival rate was 10.6 and 12 months, respectively. The researchers warn that most patients in the study have advanced tumors and have received multiple treatments before, so their prognostic results may not be able to summarize all prostate cancer patients. ..

　　Antonalakis said: "Patients with AR-V7 in their blood samples did not benefit from the two treatments, enzadamide and avitirone." He added that the shortened AR-V7 protein may already be in the early stages of treatment. It is present in the patient's blood sample or only available after treatment has started. He said: "This test can be performed before the start of enzatamide and aviron treatment. If the test results show the presence of AR-V7, the patient can choose a different treatment and monitor the use of enzatamide. It can also be used. The blood of patients treated with Avilazone is AR-V7, indicating whether these drugs can work for a long time.