艾滋病 z-bo 2020-10-20 285

　　Researchers at Rockefeller University confirmed that, based on preliminary results of experimental trials of a new generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV patients, this experimental treatment can significantly reduce the amount of virus in the patient's blood. This discovery was published this week in the journal Nature, which brought new optimism to the field of HIV immunotherapy and proposed some new strategies to fight or prevent HIV infection. Among people infected with HIV, armed struggle often occurs between the virus and the human immune system.

　　When the human body produces some new antibodies against the virus, the virus will continue to mutate to escape the antibodies and always try to maintain a leading position. In this new study completed by the Michelussenzweig Molecular Immunology Laboratory, it was found that providing an effective antibody called 3BNC117 can suddenly capture HIV and reduce the burden of the virus. So far, human HIV testing has shown disappointing results. 3BNC117 is a new generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies that can effectively resist multiple HIV strains. "The special thing about these antibodies is that they are active against more than 80% of HIV strains and are very effective," said the first author of the paper, Marina Kaski, assistant professor of clinical research at the Knudsenwijk Institute. It means there. "

　　3BN117 was originally developed by Nussenzweig Institute. Separate and obtained by Johannes Scheid. Targets the CD4 binding site of the HIV envelope. The CD4 receptor is the main site where HIV attaches to host cells. 3BNC117 is resistant to 195 of the 237 HIV strains. .. Approximately 10-30% of HIV-infected people will naturally produce broadly neutralizing antibodies, all of which will appear several years after infection. At that time, the virus in the body will usually evolve to escape these powerful antibodies. By isolating and cloning these antibodies, researchers can use them as a method to treat HIV infection with less preparation time. In previous studies, Knudsenwijk's laboratory confirmed that these effective antibodies can prevent or inhibit infection in mouse and non-human primate HIV models.

　　Casky believes that these animal models are similar to human infections. Mice lack a complete immune system because they need to be genetically modified to make them susceptible to HIV infection. The primates used in HIV research were only infected with monkey-type viruses. Therefore, human trials are required to obtain proof of principle. In the new study, the researchers gave a single intravenous injection of antibodies to HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals and monitored them for 56 days. The highest dose level tested in this study was 30 mg per kilogram of body weight. The amount of virus measured in the blood of all eight infected individuals under treatment was reduced by 300 times, and most viruses reached their minimum viral load within a week after treatment. The reduction in viral load depends on the individual’s initial viral load and sensitivity to antibodies to a particular HIV strain.

　　This is the first time this new generation of HIV antibodies has been tested in humans. Not only can a single dose of 3BN117 be well tolerated, but it can also temporarily reduce the viral load effectively, and in some people can remain active for a long time. Among the individuals who received the highest dose, half of them had a viral load below the initial level at the end of the 8-week study period and did not develop 3BNC117 resistance. Researchers believe that these antibodies can also enhance the patient's immune response to HIV, thereby better controlling infection. In addition, antibodies such as 3BNC117 may be able to kill viruses hidden in infected cells. These viruses serve as a viral reservoir that current antiretroviral drugs cannot reach. Like other antiretroviral drugs, 3BNC117 can be used in combination with other antibodies or antiretroviral drugs to control infection. Kaski said: "Similar to a single drug, drug resistance occurs, so a single antibody is not enough to control the viral load for a long time. The important advantage is the dosing regimen. Each drug can be used to treat HIV antibodies. It only takes a few Minutes, only one treatment per month, while the current first-line HIV treatment requires daily use of antiretroviral drugs. Compared with therapy, antibody-mediated therapy can also involve the patient’s immune cells and better neutralize it Viruses," said Nutt, the co-lead author of the paper. Said Florian Klein, assistant professor of clinical research in the Senzweig laboratory. In addition to its therapeutic potential, new research also brings hope for AIDS vaccines. If researchers can produce effective antibodies, such as 3BNC117, in the immune system of uninfected individuals, HIV can be blocked before infection.

　　In addition, the Knudsensweig Institute and Rockefeller University Hospital (Rockefeller University Hospital) clarified the effect of other broadly neutralizing antibodies on the viral load of HIV-infected patients when used alone or in combination. I am doing another clinical study.