肝癌生物标志物 z-bo 2020-10-28 302

　　A team of scientists led by Skoltech professor Olga Dontsova has discovered a new type of liver-specific non-coding RNA. Researchers recommend tracking RNA affected by healthy liver cancer and using specific RNA as biomarkers to provide new guidance for postoperative diagnosis of various liver cancers.

　　This research was published in the Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF). Tumor markers can help doctors determine whether a patient has cancer. Substances (including non-coding RNA) that show different concentrations in disease and healthy people can be used as tumor markers. Non-coding RNA is divided into general RNA that exists in all human cells and tissue-specific RNA that exists in specific organs and tissues.

　　Scientists have discovered a previously unexplained non-coding RNA in the liver that can be used as a biomarker. They named it the new molecule HERIS. This is because, unlike classic tumor markers, this marker can also be used as a healthy liver biomarker or anti-tumor marker.

　　Skoltech Center for Life Sciences (CLS) research scientist Olga Burenina is the first author of this article, and he thinks this may be an advantage. Increased hemoglobin levels caused by cancer diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatitis.

　　Other organizations involved in the cooperation include the Carcinogenic Research Institute of the Brokin Russian Cancer Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Petrovsky State Surgical Research Center. The latter provided 6 postoperative samples of liver tumors. Scientists have successfully shown that although some malignant tumors have completely disappeared, the levels of HELIS in all samples are still far below normal. Next, the scientists studied the behavior of some known non-coding RNAs in these samples and selected three other potential tumor markers. As a result, they got a set of four biomarkers. They are differentially expressed in different types of liver cancer and, importantly, help distinguish benign and malignant tumors.

　　"Currently, there are no diagnostic indicators for liver cancer. Therefore, doctors mainly diagnose through ultrasound and CT, and remove the entire tumor through surgery, regardless of the type of cancer. Since this is rarely done, 10 of them can be obtained after 14 days. The final diagnosis of histological results," Olga Brenina explained. Based on the analysis of postoperative liver tumor samples and other clinical cases, new biomarkers can be used for rapid preliminary diagnosis.