肥胖与癌症转移 z-bo 2020-10-29 348

　　Recently, scientists from Tufts University and other institutions have revealed the relationship between obesity and cancer metastasis through research. One in two men or one in three women will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime, but fortunately, scientists have made significant progress in the treatment of multiple cancers, especially when the cancer is limited to When in a small area, the researcher can remove the lesion through surgical resection or chemotherapy.

　　In some patients, tumor cells will break away from the primary lesion and invade other areas of the body. This is the so-called cancer metastasis, which can induce extensive damage to the patient’s body and make treatment difficult. In fact, 90% of the Cancer deaths are directly related to cancer metastasis. The risk of cancer metastasis is particularly high in certain populations, including those who are obese. The extent to which obesity affects black and Hispanic Americans in the United States seems to be greater than the general population. At present, researchers do not know why obesity is higher. Speed induces cancer metastasis.

　　In this study, researcher Madeleine Oudin et al. revealed the close relationship between obesity and cancer metastasis through research, and why obesity promotes cancer metastasis. Researchers have found that special proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM, a scaffold that promotes cell growth) may play a very critical role in inducing the invasion of cancer cells in the breast adipose tissue of obese individuals, and the difference in ECM may also explain why Obese people have a higher incidence of cancer metastasis. Considering the current prevalence of obesity in the global population and its increased risk of breast cancer in the population, and researchers have very limited understanding of the role of ECM in promoting cancer metastasis in breast adipose tissue, the researchers in this study began to analyze The molecular origin of this connection.

　　For a long time, scientists have speculated that ECM is involved in the pre- and post-reactions of cancer growth. Cancer cells will induce changes in ECM and create an environment that can support the further growth of tumors. ECM is collagen, elastin, fibrin, enzymes, A complex mixture of laminin and other glycoproteins, but in obese people, the level and composition of these components will change, which will further lead to the occurrence of fibrosis. Compared with thin people, tumors in obese people Molecular scaffolds are very different.

　　In the article, the researchers developed a new method to study the effect of ECM on cancer cells. Specifically, they extracted breast tissue from obese and thin mice and mice with tumors, and peeled off the cells. In order to obtain a complete but "empty" ECM, this process is similar to the way of glass cells from a sponge, so that only extracellular matrix is left, so that a sponge for bathing can be made. In fact, researchers will Such "empty" ECMs are called sponges. Then they added cancer cells from mice with triple-negative breast cancer to the ECM sponge to observe their effects on tumor cells. They found that ECM from obese and tumor-bearing mice promoted tumor cell metastasis. The above has the same effect, while the ECM from the thin mouse body cannot effectively promote the metastasis of cancer cells. In other words, the ECM from the obese mouse body seems to have been detonated by the tumor. We are ready to promote cancer metastasis.