糖尿病转基因猪模型 z-bo 2020-12-04 379

　　Diabetes (diabetes mellitus, DM) is an endocrine and metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar caused by absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body. It has become a global epidemic, with an incidence rate of 5% in my country. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common complications of diabetes, and it has been increasing year by year in my country. Animal models of DM play a very important role in the study of DR, and are the basis for studying the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prevention and treatment of DR. It can be divided into four types: chemical substance-induced models, spontaneous hereditary animal models, partial pancreatectomy models, and genetic modification.

　　 Japanese researchers have recently used genetic modification technology to reproduce complications such as diabetes, retinopathy, and kidney failure in pigs. Reproducing these diseases in large mammals will help to study the mechanisms that cause complications and corresponding treatment methods.

　　 According to a report on the 29th by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, insufficient insulin secretion in the human body can lower blood sugar levels and cause diabetes. High blood sugar damages blood vessels and nerves and causes complications. In severe cases, it can lead to blindness or kidney failure.

　　 A research team from Meiji University in Japan used the latest genetic engineering technology to transfer genes that cause human diabetes to pigs, which reduced their insulin secretion and developed diabetes. Through long-term breeding and observation, it was found that the blood vessels of the diseased pigs became fragile; the symptoms of retinal hemorrhage continued to increase, and cataracts appeared; and the kidneys also showed symptoms of failure. The research team said that previous studies on diabetes drugs mainly used experimental mice, but because the weight and lifespan of experimental mice are quite different from humans, the effect of drug development is not as good as using organs such as pigs in size and blood sugar levels. Of mammals. The genetically modified pig model developed by the team is more suitable for related research and will help clarify the mechanism of diabetes and complications.