动物模型 z-bo 2020-08-03 667

　　AD mainly affects the elderly and is a disease associated with aging. Aging plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This type of model regards aging as the cause of AD, and uses various methods and means to promote animal aging, including natural aging, to achieve the purpose of creating an AD animal model.

　　(1) Natural aging cognitive impairment AD animal model

　　[Modeling mechanism] Commonly used elderly non-human primates (such as monkeys, rhesus monkeys, rhesus monkeys, orangutans, baboons), elderly dogs, rabbits or rodents through behavior screening, choose to have severe cognitive and Individuals with memory deficits are used as AD models.

　　[Characteristics of the model] This model is characterized by natural aging, cognitive, learning, and memory impairment similar to those of AD patients. This pathology also occurs naturally, accompanied by corresponding brain tissue neuropathy.

　　【Application Model】It is often used in the screening and efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of AD, as well as the study of the etiology of AD. However, with the exception of primates, these large animals are in poor physical condition and expensive. In recent years, Western developed countries have imposed various restrictions on the use of non-primates. (2) A rapidly aging mouse model [Modeling mechanism] Through inbred and expanded AKR/J spontaneous mutant mice, naturally rapid aging mice (promoting aging mice tendency, SAMP) were obtained. it is

　　[Model Features] Many strains SAMP/8 and SAMP/10 of this mouse family show reduced learning and memory ability, shorter life span and faster aging, and are used as human AD models. I can do it.

　　(3) D-galactose-induced subacute aging model

　　[Modeling mechanism] D-galactose was first proposed by Chinese scholars, causing disorders of sugar and protein metabolism in the body, and has the characteristics of aging. May indicate.

　　[Features of the model] Injection of D-galactose into the neck skin of mice can cause AD symptoms, which are signs of aging, such as decreased learning and memory, slow movement, and thinning of hair. Further pathological examination showed that the mitochondria of cortical neurons expanded into vacuole-like changes, which reduced the coarse endoplasmic reticulum particles, reduced protein synthesis, and lost neurons. ..

　　[Model Evaluation and Application] Animal models obtained by simulating the aging process can faithfully reproduce the pathological changes of AD, but aging is only a risk factor for AD. AD is a pathological change that occurs based on aging and is an unusual physiological aging process. Therefore, it is impossible to actually replace an aging animal model with an AD model.