动物造模 z-bo 2022-04-24 403

　　[Modeling mechanism] Although Basquez Lopez (Basquez Lopez) was initially found to be able to induce tumors through a virus, its etiology has not yet been fully understood. One possible mechanism is that the virus itself has replication and genetic effects. When a cell is infected, it releases its genetic material and integrates into the genome of the host cell, causing cancer. In addition, some viruses contain oncogenes in their genes, and may encode proteins that promote the transformation of host cells into cancer. Currently, there are two kinds of viruses that cause brain tumors: DNA viruses (such as adenovirus) and RNA viruses (such as Rous sarcoma virus).

　　[Modeling method] Viruses are widely used as carcinogens due to their short incubation period on tumors and the relatively high incidence of brain tumors, and their types are diverse.

　　1. The mice of Ober F et al. were inoculated with 100,000 FFU of virus in the brains of old mice. After a 3-month incubation period, 24 of the 25 inoculated mice developed primary brain tumors: 60% . Sarcomas accounted for 31% and ocular gliomas accounted for 9%.

　　2. Hamsters In 1964, La Botti used Russar Comavilles (RSV) Schmidtuppin strain to induce brain tumors in newborn hamsters in chickens, mainly interstitial gliomas and sarcomas. Simian vacuole virus 40 (SV40) can cause ependymoma and choroid plexus tumors in hamsters. Eddie waited. SV40 virus was used to inoculate the brains of newborn hamsters to induce ependymoma. Inoculation of human JC virus into hamsters can cause ependymoma, dermatoblastoma, extracranial neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. SV40 virus inoculation of newborn hamsters in the brain will induce tumors, and the tumorigenic effect of the virus is proportional to the inoculation dose. Sarcoma is produced by the PV virus isolated from human brain tissue with advanced multifocal leukoencephalopathy after one year after the brain was found in the brain with bovine papillomavirus, meningioma, fibroids and fibers. Neonatal hamster infection can induce a variety of brain tumors, such as cerebellar medulloblastoma, thalamic glioma and ependymoma, meningiomas and pineal tumors.

　　3. RSV in dogs is also more likely to induce brain tumors in dogs. Classification of tumors under an electron microscope. Glioma is the main factor. The site of inoculation is the main factor that induces brain tumors. When inoculated deep into the ventricle, sarcoma is induced only when astrocytes and glioblastoma are inoculated on the surface of the cortex or cerebellar cerebellar worm. Bigner et al. injected concentrated Rous sarcoma virus (100 μl) into the brains of newborn dogs. After a period of incubation, all gliomas or sarcomas will develop.

　　4. After inoculating monkey brain tissue with monkey human JC virus, primary central neuroma of monkey brain, such as malignant glioma or mixed tumor of glioma and neurocytoma, was detected at 16 to 25 months. I will. Tabuchi et al. inoculated fibroblasts infected with rouxvirus into the right frontal lobe of monkeys. 73% of the monkeys had tumors, mainly sarcomas.

　　[Characteristics of the model] The type of tumor induced depends on the site of inoculation and the age of the animal. The convex surface of the brain and the ver of the cerebellum are prone to sarcoma, and subventricular septal tumors are prone to glioma. Newborn animals are more susceptible than adult animals. [Model evaluation and application] From the established virus-induced brain tumor models, inbred animals can easily simulate the biological characteristics of human brain tumors. Virus-induced brain tumors can be used not only as a model to explore the etiology of brain tumors, but also as a source of research and treatment models. Brain tumors can be serially passaged in animals of the same species. After cloning, it can become a model with stable biological characteristics but with different carcinogenic cycles and completely different tumor characteristics. In addition, the virus is not well stored and has a certain harmful effect on humans. , Thus limiting its application.