动物造模,糖尿病视网膜病变 z-bo 2022-02-24 535

　　[Modeling mechanism] NOD mice are the best model for studying human type 1 diabetes, and they are very similar to humans in terms of genetics and immunity. The main susceptibility gene of human type 1 diabetes is located in MHC, and the susceptibility gene of NOD mice is also located in MHC.

　　[Model Features] NOD mice develop insulitis at 4 to 5 weeks, followed by subclinical B cell destruction and decreased blood circulation insulin concentration. Typical symptoms of diabetes appear in 12-30 weeks, including hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and death caused by autoimmune damage caused by lymphocyte infiltration and islet B cell destruction. There is a gender difference in diabetes in NOD mice, 90% of female mice develop diabetes, and only 20% of male mice develop diabetes. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the retina was lower at 6 weeks, and the expression of HIF-1α in the retina at 12 weeks was significantly higher than that of the control group. Microvascular disorders and local proliferative neovascularization may appear at 8 months. Angiotensin II and thromboxane mediate the contraction of small blood vessels.

　　[Model evaluation and application] NOD mice are a kind of spontaneous diabetes animal models, which provide valuable information for the study of the etiology of type 1 diabetes and hereditary diabetic retinal diseases, and are valuable in the research of immune regulation and immune tolerance value.