疾病动物模型,心肌梗死动物模型 z-bio 2021-03-09 273

　　[Modeling mechanism] The same belongs to the method of thoracotomy. The difference between electrocoagulation of coronary arteries and ligation methods is that electrocoagulation blocks the coronary arteries, and the current causes local myocardial tissue necrosis, which causes myocardial infarction. The freezing method directly damages the corresponding myocardium and causes myocardial infarction in model animals.

　　[Modeling method] Take rats as an example, inject about 250 g of Wistar rats and 10 ml/kg of sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneally, then intraperitoneally inject 20-30μg/kg of Atropin, and then intraperitoneally inject . First intubate the trachea and connect the ventilator. Fix the limbs of the rat in the supine position, remove the hair, and sterilize the bed sheets. Along the left edge of the sternum, with the strongest point of the sternum as the center, make an incision of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 cm in the vertical direction, and open the chest layer by layer in the chest cavity. If you choose the electrocautery method, place the electrocautery electrode of a small radiofrequency knife deep in the left anterior descending artery and let it cure for 1-2 seconds. If you choose the freezing method, cylindrical steel will nail it. The rat pre-cooled with liquid nitrogen (freezing head diameter 0.6 cm) was quickly placed in the left coronary artery of the rat, and the myocardial area innervated by the upper 1/3 of the anterior descending branch was frozen for 10 seconds. The dynamic changes of the electrocardiogram, the ST elevation (≥0.2mV) of the reeds of two or more limbs and the corresponding changes of the reeds, as well as the visually thin injured area that can be observed, can determine the success of the operation in advance. Close the chest cavity, pull out the ventilator, and handle the animal as needed. [Model Features] It is easier to operate than ligation, accurate positioning, and can accurately observe the complete coagulation/necrosis process of myocardial tissue and the formation of particles and scar tissue. Electrical stimulation can easily cause arrhythmia.

　　[Model Evaluation and Application] These two methods still need to open the animal's chest. Complications are the same as the ligation method, and animal mortality is still high. Both methods can cause myocardial infarction, and because myocardial pathology and electrocardiogram changes are similar to clinical myocardial infarction patients, they can be used to study myocardial infarction and treat myocardial infarction. However, these two methods are far from the etiology of patients with clinical myocardial infarction, and have very different physiological and biochemical indicators. Pay attention to these differences when using.