疾病动物模型,糖尿病视网膜病变模型 z-bio 2021-03-12 245

　　[Modeling mechanism] OD mice are the best model for studying human type 1 diabetes, and are very similar to humans in genetics and immunology. The main susceptibility gene of human type 1 diabetes is in MHC, and the susceptibility gene of NOD mice is also in MHC.

　　[Model Features] OD mice develop insulinitis within 4-5 weeks, after which asymptomatic B cells are destroyed, and the level of insulin in the blood circulation decreases. The typical symptoms of diabetes, such as hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, autoimmune disease death due to lymphocyte infiltration and islet B cell destruction, appear within 12 to 30 weeks. There are gender differences in the development of diabetes in NOD mice. Ninety percent of female mice developed diabetes, while only 20% of male mice developed diabetes. The expression of retinal hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was lower at 6 weeks, and the expression of HIF-1α in the retina at 12 weeks was significantly higher than that of the control group. Microangiopathy and local proliferative angiogenesis can appear within 8 months. Angiotensin II and thromboxane mediate the contraction of small blood vessels.

　　[Model Evaluation and Application] OD mouse is an animal model of spontaneous diabetes, which can provide useful information for studying the etiology of type 1 diabetes and hereditary diabetic retinal diseases, as well as immune regulation and immune tolerance.