硒酸钠白内障,疾病动物模型 z-bio 2021-03-12 459

　　[Modeling mechanism] After sodium selenate reaches the lens of the eye tissue through the body fluid circulation, on the one hand, it oxidizes the sulfhydryl group of the protein, which causes the Ca2+-ATPase to be inhibited, causing the Ca2+-ATPase to accumulate in the lens nuclear fibers. As a result, calpain in nuclear fibers is activated, β-crystallin and other lens proteins are hydrolyzed, and the partially hydrolyzed lens protein becomes insoluble; on the other hand, selenite can also react with trace H2O2 in aqueous humor. Various reactive oxygen species are generated, which attack lens protein and a variety of amino acids, thereby damaging the lens protein, causing it to cross-link, forming insoluble high molecular weight products, and accumulating on the lens, resulting in lens turbidity and the formation of selenium-induced cataracts.

　　[Method of Modeling] There are many reports in domestic and foreign literature. Most mice born about 10 to 14 days old are injected subcutaneously with sodium selenite, and the dose is mostly 0.25 to 2.25 mg per kilogram of body weight. If injected 15 days after birth, cataract cannot be induced even if the dose is increased. It is also reported that oral sodium selenite solution can also cause cataracts in mice aged 6-10 days.

　　[Characteristics of the model] 13 hours after injection, the lens of some experimental animals may change, manifested as turbidity in the posterior along the edge of the posterior Y-slit, small vacuoles in the posterior equator and slight opacity. Observed after 16 hours and 1 day, the above changes were seen in all experimental animals. After 10 days, 80% of the offspring developed cataracts.

　　[Model Evaluation and Application] Oral administration has a first-pass effect, the dose is difficult to accurately control, and the results are poorly comparable. Subcutaneous administration is recommended. The formation of selenium-induced cataracts is closely related to the interaction of intracellular free radicals and antioxidant systems, and can be used to study senile cataracts and evaluate the effects of drug treatment.