疾病动物模型,胃食管反流模型 z-bio 2021-10-14 473

　　Gastroesophageal reflux disease refers to the reflux of gastric contents such as bile salts and pancreatic enzymes flowing from the duodenum into the stomach. It is divided into two types: physiological reflux disease and pathological reflux disease. Pathological reflux is due to abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter and abnormal tissue structure related to its function, resulting in low pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), leading to a series of clinical symptoms and complications, namely the esophagus. Reflux. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a gastrointestinal dyskinesia caused by a variety of factors. It is the result of weakening of the reflux mechanism and the onset of esophageal mucosal reflux. Animal model studies may be very helpful in elucidating the causes of this disease. Researchers have used newborn piglets to create animal models of gastroesophageal reflux disease caused by multiple factors. X-ray barium meal fluoroscopy, gastroesophageal pressure measurement, esophageal pH monitoring, hormone measurement, etc. Through gastrointestinal detection methods, the main factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease formation, pathophysiology, pathological anatomical evolution and gastroesophageal evolution are systematically studied The reversibility of reflux disease provides a valuable theory for the prevention and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

　　Currently, piglets are mainly used for model making 7-8 days after birth. There are two ways to create a model. One is to induce esophagitis through external acid, and the second is to induce esophagitis through its own gastrointestinal reflux. This method mainly includes pylorus and proximal small intestine ligation, card hilar muscle incision and other surgical methods. The specific steps are as follows: create a reflux esophagitis model in a mini-pig undergoing abdominal surgery, open the abdomen, and then use a midline abdominal incision from the mid abdomen to the umbilicus to pull the liver up and down the stomach to expose the abdomen. Using a sharp blade at the gastroesophageal junction, cut a 3 cm vertical muscle layer at the gastroesophageal junction. There is no need to suture after the muscle layer is cut, but care should be taken not to cut the mucosal layer when the muscle layer is cut. After the incision, you may see a bulge of the mucosal layer. If the mucosal layer is accidentally cut, it needs to be repaired in time. The animals were fed a liquid diet three days after the operation. If the operation is successful, reflux esophagitis may develop in a few days. However, each of the above methods has its limitations. It is impossible to feed and observe model animals, and it is impossible to fully understand the entire process of pathophysiological evolution. However, it is certain that gastric motility is weakened, emptying is impaired, gastric pressure increases, volume increases, and abdominal esophagus shortens. It disrupts the normal peristaltic coordination of the stomach, pylorus, and duodenum, causing the stomach to react with the esophagus.