动物模型,细胞癌 z-bo 2020-08-04 562

　　[Modeling mechanism] There are many genes involved in the pathogenesis of SCC. Genetically modified animal models with high or no specific gene expression can develop SCC spontaneously or induced by external factors.

　　[Model Features] There are many related models, and the following are only examples. For example, by selectively inhibiting Rel/NF-KB in the skin of mice and overexpressing IKB-α, the mice will have scales on the scalp, back and tail when they are born, hair development disorders, and spontaneous SCC will be produced at 8 weeks. Transgenic mice with high expression of the neu oncogene found significant thickening of the epidermis and extremely uncoordinated hair growth at 3 days after birth. Histological examination showed severe hair follicles and epithelial hyperplasia in hair follicles, severe epidermal hyperplasia, abnormal keratinization material in the dermis and subcutaneous skin, and SCC-like changes in the epidermis in many parts. For another example, a wild-type human c-serine transgenic mouse designed to overexpress wild-type human c-serine in the basal layer with cow keratin 5 as a promoter started to spontaneously develop SCC at 3 months, and the incidence rate is about 70% after 1 year.

　　Papillomavirus infection is one of the causes of SCC. Under the stimulation of carcinogenic factors, almost 100% of transgenic mice expressing the oncogene E6 of the multiple breast mouse papillomavirus (mastomys natalensis papillomavirus) developed SCC.

　　Highly expressing cyclin-dependent kinase 4 transgenic mice are highly sensitive to the carcinogenic effects of chemical stimuli. Under the induction of chemical stimuli, the probability of SCC in the transgenic mice increased greatly, and the number of histologically dysplasia and heteromorphic carcinoma in situ lesions increased. In addition, transgenic mice expressing the integrin subunit α2β1 and the xeroderma pigmentosum-related gene XPA-/- in the upper basal layer of the epidermis have a significantly increased probability of developing SCC after receiving carcinogenic stimuli.

　　[Model evaluation and application] SCC is a disease with multiple triggers and long-term accumulation of damage. Genetically modified animals can explore the mechanism of related genes in tumorigenesis as much as possible, and take measures to prevent tumorigenesis in order to find corresponding therapeutic drugs. Measures to provide a platform.