肾血管性高血压模型 z-bio 2021-03-22 607

　　The renovascular hypertension model is a model in which an animal's renal artery stenosis leads to an increase in blood pressure. According to various test methods, it can be divided into two-kidney one-clamp type (preserving left renal artery stenosis, two kidneys), one-kidney one-clamp type (left renal artery stenosis, right nephrectomy)), two-kidney two-clamp type (bilateral Renal artery stenosis, both kidneys are preserved).

　　(1) Copy method You can model dogs, rabbits and rats. After conventional anesthesia, the animal was fixed in the supine position, the abdominal cavity was opened aseptically, the left renal artery was carefully separated, and a U-shaped silver clip or Q-shaped silver ring was placed in the renal artery. The diameter of the 6-8 kg dog ring is 0.8-1.2 mm, the rabbit ring diameter is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the 150-200 g rat ring has a diameter of 0.2-0.25 mm. The blood flow after stenosis is reduced by 50% to 70 %. suitable. The contralateral kidney can be retained and removed, or renal artery stenosis can be performed according to the needs of the experiment. If the animal's blood pressure is suspected to be insufficient after the first operation, it can be removed by a second operation. Contralateral nephrectomy or renal artery stenosis. Generally, animals with systolic blood pressure higher than 160 mmHg (21.3 kPa) after 6 weeks are considered animals with renovascular hypertension. Animal surgery usually uses a paravertebral incision on the back, but there are reports advocating the use of a midline abdominal incision. The specific method is as follows.

　　After anesthesia, the dog can be fixed in a prone position, 1.5-2 cm from the spine, and then a sandbag is placed under the abdomen to bury the back. About two fingers on the left. Make a 4 cm long skin incision, which is wide from the edge of the ribs (the right side is along the edge of the ribs). Cut the subcutaneous tissue and oblique fascia sequentially, cut the oblique fascia at the junction of the oblique fascia and the oblique fascia, push the back muscles, and cut the transverse abdominis surrounding the kidney along the muscle fibers. The muscles are separated. Use your finger to touch the kidney from the surgical site to find the renal artery. According to the required length, carefully divide a part of the renal artery bluntly, select a silver coat of appropriate size covering the renal artery, and finally suture the surgical incision in layers. Antibiotics can be taken continuously for a week. An abdominal incision can open the intestinal cavity and expose the kidneys. The mouse operation method is basically the same.

　　(2) Model characteristics: Within a specific time frame, the rate and degree of blood pressure increase in animals is directly proportional to the degree of arterial stenosis. If the renal artery stenosis is insufficient, the animal cannot only develop hypertension or transient hypertension; if the renal artery stenosis is excessive, renal necrosis is prone to occur, and the animal suffers from severe renal failure or unilateral renal function. , Which may lead to death. This function is fully compensated without the formation of high blood pressure. Adult animals should be used for surgery, and the use of small animals can easily cause renal necrosis after renal artery stenosis. When separating the renal artery, attention must be paid to whether there are branches. Only narrowing the branches of the renal artery will not cause high blood pressure.

　　(3) Comparative Medicine Renal artery stenosis can cause kidney ischemia, thereby increasing the synthesis and secretion of renin in the kidney, thereby increasing the blood angiotensin content and increasing blood pressure. The renovascular hypertension model is a commonly used hypertension model. The method is relatively easy to operate, has stable high blood pressure, and has many pathophysiology similar to human hypertension, and the response to hypertensive drugs is consistent with the response of hypertensive patients. The efficacy screening and evaluation of antihypertensive drugs.