动物造模,遗传性高血压模型 z-bio 2021-12-22 556

　　Genetic hypertension models are called hereditary hypertension models. At present, genetic genetic models are divided into two types through genetic methods. They are selective inbred hypertension models and genetically engineered hypertension models.

　　(1) Replication method The selective inbred hypertension model is the inbred of recent generations (20 generations or more) of congenital hypertension animals selected to obtain stable inheritance of hypertension. Currently, rabbits, rats and mice with high blood pressure are raised. Rats are commonly used animals, and more mature species include: ① Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), SHRstroke-pronestrain (SHRSP) and anti-stroke resistance rats (SHRstroke-pronestrain, SHRSP) Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRstroke resistance, SHRSR) and other subtypes.

　　(2) Dahl salt-sensitive rats (Dahl salt-sensitive rats, DS). ③Milan hypertensive rats (Milan hypertensive strain, MHS). ④ Hereditary hypertensive rats (hereditary hypertensive strains, GH) are also called New Zealand hypertensive rats. ⑤Israeli hypertensive rats (Sabra hypertensive strain, SBH). ⑥Lyon hypertension (LH) and other genetic engineering hypertension models can be divided into two categories. One is to use transgenic technology to randomly integrate foreign genes into the animal's genome and overexpress it, which leads to high blood pressure. These are called hypertensive transgenic animals. Currently, there are hypertensive transgenic animals. Mouse and mouse. The other is to use gene targeting technology to target endogenous genes in animals to cause hypertension. This is called a hypertensive gene knockout animal. Only the hypertension gene knockout mice.

　　(2) Model characteristics Only through long-term screening and multi-generation breeding can a selective inbreeding hypertension model be realized. Currently, the most commonly used are SHR, DS and MHS, especially SHR. There are many breeding domestic units. And reproduction.. The establishment of genetically engineered hypertension models requires high technical and laboratory requirements. At present, there are few reports of successful genetic engineering of hypertension models in China.

　　(3) The selective inbreeding hypertension model of comparative medicine is very similar to human hypertension, and it is an ideal animal model. The similarities between this model and human hypertension are as follows: ① It is produced by genetic factors. (2) There is no obvious organ disease in the early stage of hypertension. ③ Blood pressure rises with age. ④The total peripheral resistance of blood vessels increased significantly. ⑤As the disease progresses, complications such as the heart, brain, and kidneys may appear. The combined use of therapies such as antihypertensive drugs can prevent or reduce disease progression and complications. Factors such as stress and high-salt diet can accelerate the onset of high blood pressure and exacerbate complications. The main differences are: (1) Obtained through selective reproduction, but this is slightly different from human diseases. ② Abnormal thyroid or immune function. The genetic engineering model of hypertension can help us understand the development and causes of hypertension and screen corresponding drugs. However, all current genetically engineered hypertension models are single-gene or dual-gene disease models, which are slightly different from human hypertension inherited from multiple genes.