动物造模,再狭窄动物模型 z-bio 2022-01-07 310

　　(1) Copy method After conventional anesthesia, a 3-month-old New Zealand male rabbit is fixed on its back, the neck is incised with a midline incision, and the right common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) are excised. , I will expose and release it. ) And external carotid artery (ECA). The proximal end of the CCA was temporarily clamped about 2 cm away from the ICA, the bifurcation of the ECA and the starting point of the ICA were fixed with an arterial clamp, and then the ECA was ligated to about 1 cm away from the end of the bifurcation.

　　Inject 200 U/kg of heparin sodium through the ear vein for 5 minutes, and use a fine needle as a puncture needle to puncture the artery from the proximal side of the ECA ligation site to the guide wire, and tie the bovine tendon proximally. Prepare to stop bleeding on the side of the puncture point. Pull out the right CCA arterial clip, continue to insert the guide wire, pull out the puncture needle (tighten the cowhide to prevent bleeding at the puncture site), and then move the 2.0 mm balloon catheter from the right ECA to the right CCA, I will do it for you Provide guidance. Under the guidance of the guide wire, the aortic arch was inflated at a pressure of 810.6 kPa. The aortic arch was retracted to the right ECA, and the right CCA was mechanically expanded. Repeated 3 times each time for 30 seconds each time, peeling off the endometrium of the right CCA, mechanically damaging the catheter, and then pulling out the catheter. The ECA on the right was ligated near the puncture point and fed a standard mixed diet at room temperature. After 15 days, the anesthesia was fixed in the supine position, the neck was cut in the middle, and the bilateral CCA was exposed. A 2 cm CCA segment was taken from the proximal side of the carotid artery bifurcation to control the left CCA. The optical observation was performed under a microscope and an electron microscope. of. The sender of the optical microscope is fixed with formaldehyde, and the tissue section is usually embedded in paraffin, then stained with HE, and then observed with an optical microscope. The sample observed with the electron microscope was fixed with glutaraldehyde. A microscope and computer analysis system are used to calculate the inner diameter of the cross-sectional lumen, the thickness of the inner membrane, the thickness of the medium, and the ratio of the inner membrane/medium thickness.

　　(2) Model characteristics Under an optical microscope, 3 days after balloon expansion, adherent thrombosis was observed, with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, elastic layer contraction, and obvious vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. I couldn't. The seventh day. The undissolved thrombus showed obvious metastasis and growth of smooth muscle cells, a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, intravitreal degeneration accompanied by intimal thickening; 15 days later, the intima was obviously thickened, and the main component was blood vessels. A matrix rich in smooth muscle cells and collagen. Under an electron microscope, after 15 days, angiogenic smooth muscle cells can be seen under the endothelial cells. The nucleus is irregular, part of the nuclear envelope is invaded, and many organelles are found in the cytoplasm. Mitochondria, rough endothelial reticulum cells and plasma membrane vesicles are very abundant, indicating that their functions are very active, and many collagen fibers are found around these cells.

　　(3) Comparative medicine The animal models currently used to study carotid balloon dilatation and restenosis include pigs, dogs, monkeys, rats and rabbits. The methods are basically the same. Some studies have shown that the pathological changes after balloon expansion in rabbits are mainly smooth muscle cell migration and blood cell adhesion, while the pathological changes in rats are mainly smooth muscle cell proliferation. This model simulates the restenosis process after human carotid artery balloon angioplasty. During the manufacturing process, the diameter of the balloon catheter will have a significant impact on the model effect, so when selecting animals, the weight difference should be minimized as much as possible.