动物造模,急性胃溃疡动物模型 z-bio 2021-11-06 375

　　(1) Reproduction method: adult experimental mice, fast for 48 hours, absolute ethanol (5 ml/kg body weight) or acetylsalicylic acid (200 mg/kg body weight), or 0.6 mol/L hydrochloric acid (10 ml/kg) ) After 1 hour, the animals were sacrificed by cervical spinal cord dislocation. Immediately perform a peritoneal incision, ligate the pylorus and heart, inject 1% formaldehyde solution into the stomach, remove the stomach and place it in the same concentration of formaldehyde solution for fixation. After 30 minutes, cut into a large elbow, turn it over, pour the contents, and gently rinse with water to remove gastric remnants, observe the degree of damage to the ulcer of the glandular gastric mucosa, and evaluate it with the ulcer index. If the length of the ulcer exceeds 1 mm, measure the length and count it as 1 point per 1 mm. Scores with a width greater than 1 mm doubled, and scores for small ulcers increased by 0.5 points. It will be counted. Add scores to obtain animal ulcer index. Or adult rats, fasting for 48 hours, intraperitoneal injection of 5 ml/kg body weight of absolute ethanol or 20 mg/kg body weight of indomethacin. Take 10 ml of 10% formaldehyde solution and inject it into the stomach through the esophagus. Pull out the needle for ligation. Cut the esophagus and duodenum at both ends of the online ligation, and remove the entire stomach. After 30 minutes, open along the curvature to check the bleeding points and local mucosal defects in the proventriculus, and measure the length of each ulcer with the size and number of bleeding and the degree of ulcer lesions as indicators. Calculate the total number of ulcers as an ulcer index, and use optical and electron microscopy techniques for histological observation of gastric mucosal lesions.

　　(2) Model characteristics After the administration of absolute ethanol, acetylsalicylic acid and hydrochloric acid to the mice, the gastric mucosa of the model mice was significantly damaged, which was mainly due to the significant increase in the ulcer index. Similarly, feeding rats with absolute ethanol will increase the total length of the glandular gastric ulcer, causing strip bleeding, intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin, and will increase the number of damage to the rat's glandular gastric ulcer. It also increased significantly.

　　(3) Comparative Medicine Acute gastric ulcer is a disease that occurs under the action of multiple factors, including sudden and severe damage to various organs in the body, alcoholism and overdose of certain steroids. Under physiological conditions, the surface of the gastric mucosa is covered with a protective layer of mucus and bicarbonate secreted by the surface epithelium. This surface microenvironment can reduce or avoid direct contact between gastric acid and pepsin and the mucosa. In this environment, healthy mucosa can remove H + refluxed from the gastric cavity through blood circulation, and synthesize prostaglandins, thereby promoting mucosal blood circulation, thereby maintaining active cell metabolism and regeneration on the mucosal surface. If an excessive amount of strong acid, ethanol, or non-steroidal preparations (acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin, phenylbutane, etc.) is injected into the stomach at one time or within a short period of time, these exogenous substances will destroy it. Microenvironment and induce acute gastric ulcer. The mouse model of acute gastric ulcer caused by chemicals usually uses the ulcer index as an indicator to determine the onset and extent of the ulcer, but on this basis, the rat model uses histological morphological changes and other indicators, which can also be used to judge. The model has a clear inducer, easy operation, low cost and excellent experimental repeatability, making it one of the most commonly used experimental models.