动物造模,大鼠烫伤模型 z-bio 2021-03-30 376

　　(1) Method of reproduction: Anesthetize by intraperitoneal injection of 3% sodium pentobarbital with a body weight of 30 mg/kg, and prepare abdominal skin according to body weight and fix it on a laboratory table. Place the rat close to a beaker of heated tap water, immerse the gauze strip in hot water, take out the gauze when the water temperature is constant at 99°C, and then immediately spread the gauze on the burned area and count. The time since the gauze touched the rat's skin.

　　(2) General observation of the characteristics of the model: 3 seconds after the injury, the local skin of the rat became red and mildly edema. After healing, the hair grows well, with a small amount of reddish-brown pigmentation, the skin shrinks slightly, and the epidermis is smooth. Ten seconds after the injury, the local skin of the mouse became white and edema. After healing, the hair grows well, the skin is damaged, and the surface is rough and uneven. Optical microscope observation: the epidermis of the injured 3s rat is still transparent, the cells are obviously swollen and degenerated, the hierarchical structure is still clear, and the nuclear structure is unknown. Formation of blisters on the epidermis, dermal edema, interstitial pores, destruction of collagen fibers, decreased staining performance of eosinophils and dichroism. The blood vessels were dilated and congested, and the epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles were still transparent, some swelled and melted. The blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue are dilated and congested. Ten seconds after the injury, the rat epidermal cells partly fell off, the structure was unclear, there was obvious degeneration and necrosis, and some cells were lysed. Blisters are formed on the epidermis, the interstitium of the dermis is loose and congested, the collagen fibers are fused, the staining performance of eosinophils is weakened, and the dichromaticity destroys most of the sebaceous glands. The structure of sweat glands and hair follicles becomes blurred, and the hair follicles remain deep in the dermis. Can be seen. The blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue are dilated, hyperemic, edema, and the structure is not damaged. The above results indicate that rats injured within 3 seconds have superficial secondary burns, and rats injured within 10 seconds have deep secondary burns.

　　(3) More commonly used medical methods, such as iron plate, copper plate and burn heating. The injured area is a flat surface that does not match the surface of the mouse's curved abdomen skin. Made by applying pressure. Form a plane. Because it is not easy to control the pressure, the apex of the curved surface of the skin will be thermally damaged during the burning process, and will eventually become the lowest point of the curved surface. The apex of the arc is subjected to the greatest pressure. The imbalance caused by heat during the injury process will cause different degrees of burns on the wound surface. The above model uses soft and easily deformable gauze as the scratch material, soaks it in hot water, and then uses the gravity of the hot water to naturally adhere to the skin without applying pressure.