动物造模,支气管哮喘小鼠模型 z-bio 2021-12-22 971

　　Introduction: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, which has the characteristics of long duration and recurrence. The clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma include shortness of breath, cough, chest tightness, and wheezing, which often occur in the morning and night. Modern medicine believes that the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma includes allergic reactions, airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, neuromodulation mechanisms and psychological factors. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma is the result of "wind". Phlegm obstructs the lungs, phlegm stasis obstructs asthma, and visceral discordance are the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Guilong Kechuanning Capsules have the effects of relieving cough, reducing phlegm, reducing stress, and relieving asthma. It is also used to treat acute and chronic bronchitis with definite curative effect. Schisandra syrup is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation made from Schisandra. Schisandra syrup has the effects of replenishing qi, activating blood, nourishing the kidney and soothing the nerves, and is used to treat chronic cough, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, insomnia, etc. However, schisandra syrup has not been seen to treat bronchial asthma. Therefore, Guilong Kechuanning capsules were used as the positive control drug, and schisandra syrup was used as the reagent to observe the effect of schisandra syrup on bronchial asthma in mice.

　　Animals: KM mice, half male and half male, weighing 18-22 grams. After 3 days of adaptive feeding, sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group, bronchial asthma model group, and Schisandra chinensis low, medium and high dose groups. Except for the blank group, 0.1 ml of sensitizing solution (10% ovalbumin and 10% aluminum hydroxide) was intraperitoneally administered on days 1, 4, and 8. After sensitization, smoking induced asthma attacks in mice once, 20 minutes each time, lasting 7 days. Guilong Kechuanning capsule (1.125g/kg), low, medium and high dose Schisandra syrup group (3μg/kg, 1.5μg/kg, 0.75 g/kg) sensitized orally administered once a day, 7 consecutive days. The model group and the blank group were given the same volume of normal saline.

　　Index: 2 hours after the last administration, the tidal volume, the degree of tracheal stenosis and the respiratory rate were measured with a lung function tester. Blood was taken from the orbit, and the serum was frozen for storage, and the content of NO and IL-6 in the serum was detected. After the operation, the lungs and bronchi were taken, and the morphological changes were observed by HE staining.

　　Result: The effect of bronchial asthma mice on lung function: Compared with the blank group, the respiratory rate and the degree of bronchial stenosis were significantly increased, and the tidal volume was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, the inspiratory frequency and the degree of bronchial stenosis in the low, medium and high dose groups of Schisandra chinensis were significantly reduced, and the tidal volume was significantly increased.

　　The effect of serum biochemical indicators in bronchial asthma mice: Compared with the blank group, the serum NO and IL-6 levels in the model group were significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the levels of serum NO and IL-6 in the middle and high-dose schisandra syrup group were significantly reduced, and the serum NO content in the low-dose schisandra syrup group was significantly reduced.

　　Study on the morphological changes of the lungs of bronchial asthmatic mice: The structure of lung lobules is normal, and the alveolar epithelial cells are not degeneration, necrosis, or shedding. There was no congestion or edema in the alveolar wall, no exudate in the alveolar cavity and bronchial cavity, and no inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium. The bronchial wall is intact, the smooth muscle thickness is normal, and the cells are neatly arranged. No exudate or epithelial cells were seen in the lumen, and no inflammatory cell infiltration was seen in the interstitium. Model group: The structure of lung lobules was damaged, and the alveolar wall was obviously thickened, congested, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. The airway wall is thickened, the lumen is narrowed, and part of the blood vessel wall smooth muscle hyperplasia. The blood vessels and bronchi are surrounded by a large number of inflammatory cells. Guilong Kechuanning Capsule Group: The lobular structure is close to normal. Occasionally, red blood cells, exudate and inflammatory cell infiltration can be seen in the alveolar cavity. The telangiectasia and congestion of the alveolar wall were significantly improved, the inflammatory cell infiltration around the alveolar wall was significantly reduced, and the bronchial mucosa was intact. High-dose Schisandra syrup group: the alveolar cavity gradually widened, the alveolar septum narrowed, and lung macrophages and dust cells were visible on the alveolar wall. The bronchial mucosa is intact without inflammatory cell infiltration. Medium and low-dose groups: The bronchial mucosal tubes of Schisandra syrup are completely independent, the alveolar cavity gradually widens, and the alveolar septum becomes narrow. A small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the lung interstitium and blood vessels, and there was bleeding between the stroma. Through the RiDIT test, compared with the blank group, the lung tissue of the model group has obvious inflammatory morphological changes. Compared with the model group, the high-dose Schisandra syrup group can significantly improve the morphological changes of lung tissue. Although the other groups can improve the morphological changes of lung tissue, they are not statistically significant.

　　Study on the morphological changes of bronchial tubes in asthmatic rats: The tracheal wall is intact, the wall and smooth muscle thickness are normal, and there is no hyperemia or inflammatory cell infiltration. Model group: local detachment of mucosal epithelium, obvious thickening of basement membrane, hyaline change, expansion of bronchial wall, full of blood, and infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells. Guilong Kechuanning Capsule Group: The tracheal lumen is narrow, the mucosa is slightly thickened, inflammatory cells are rarely infiltrated, and part of the epithelium is necrotic and shedding. High-dose Schisandra syrup group: the mucous membrane was partially peeled off, the epithelium was slightly thickened, and the hyperemia and expansion were not obvious. A small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Middle and low-dose groups: Schisandra syrup is local epithelial ablation, cells proliferate moderately, and basement membrane is slightly thickened. A small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration can be seen in peripheral blood vessels. Through the RiDIT test, compared with the blank group, the tracheal tissue of the model group has obvious inflammatory morphological changes. Compared with the model group, the high-dose Schisandra syrup group can significantly improve the morphology of bronchial tissues. The other groups can improve the morphological changes of bronchial tissue, but there is no statistical significance.

　　Discussion: Asthma is a recognized medical problem in the world, and the World Health Organization lists it as one of the four intractable diseases. The main pathological basis of bronchial asthma is airway allergic inflammation, which is mainly infiltrated by mast cells, eosinophils and T lymphocytes. Other studies have shown that immune disorders are one of the key factors in the development of the disease. The clinical treatment of bronchial asthma is mainly anti-airway allergic inflammation, but the clinical effect is not obvious. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that bronchial asthma belongs to the category of asthma syndromes. "Asthma", lung and kidney damage, exogenous pathogenic qi, airway obstruction, and phlegm block are the etiology and pathogenesis. Therefore, the recovery of lung and kidney function is very important for the treatment of bronchial asthma. The price of schisandra is low, and it can balance the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney organs. It has the function of nourishing the kidney and lungs and promoting the secretion of body fluids. Bronchial asthma is one of the most common airway inflammatory diseases in humans. Studying the content changes of inflammatory factors is of great significance in the pathogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) is the main non-adrenal non-cholinergic nerve, causing bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and bronchial expansion. It can also increase capillary exudation, leading to airway mucosal edema, and aggravating airway obstruction. NO reacts with oxygen to form nitrite superoxide anion, release free radicals, destroy airway tissue, aggravate inflammation, cause high airway responsiveness, and cause asthma attack or aggravation. Excessive NO can promote the expansion of blood vessels, promote the exudation of inflammatory cells, and release inflammatory mediators. IL-6 is a cytokine with multiple biological activities, mainly produced by monocytes and macrophages, and is closely related to local inflammation. It can participate in the body's inflammatory response and immune response, stimulate and promote cell growth and the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. High IL-6 levels indicate that the damage of vascular endothelial cells is aggravated. Many literatures indicate that changes in serum IL-6 levels are closely related to asthma, and the increase in IL-6 levels can aggravate airway inflammation. Chinese medicine believes that stagnation of qi in the lungs is the main cause of repeated attacks such as asthma and cough. Therefore, this study selected NO, IL-6, and changes in lung tissue and bronchial tissue morphology as the evaluation indicators of the treatment effect. The experimental results showed that the mouse model of asthma was successfully replicated. Compared with the blank group, the respiratory rate, degree of bronchial stenosis, serum NO and IL-6 levels in the model group were significantly increased, and the tidal volume was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, Schisandra syrup can reduce the serum respiratory rate, bronchial stenosis, serum NO and IL-6 levels, and increase tidal volume. The pathological changes of bronchi and lung tissues also improved.

　　Conclusion: Schisandra syrup can reduce the levels of NO and IL-6 in the serum, improve the morphology of bronchial and lung tissue lesions, and achieve the effect of treating bronchial asthma in mouse models. The high-dose Schisandra syrup group has the best effect.