动物造模,高血压 z-bo 2020-08-06 609

　　Also known as the extrarenal compressive hypertension model, it can be divided into two kidneys and one tie (one kidney is bandaged, both kidneys are reserved), one kidney and one tie (one kidney is bandaged, the contralateral nephrectomy), and both kidneys are two. Tie type (both kidneys are bandaged, both kidneys are reserved).

　　(1) Reproduction method is commonly used in dogs or rats, fixed after routine anesthesia, open the abdominal cavity, separate and expose one side of the kidney, wrap it in cellophane and put it back into the abdominal cavity. The bandage should be tight enough but the tissue cannot be strangled. The contralateral kidney can be retained, removed or bandaged according to the test requirements. Generally, animals with systolic blood pressure greater than 160mmHg (21.3kPa) after 6 weeks are regarded as hypertensive animals. Animal surgery generally uses a paraspine incision on the back, but there are also reports advocating the use of a midline abdominal incision. The specific method is as follows:

　　Use a rat weighing 120～150g, fix it in the prone position after anesthesia, put a sandbag under the abdomen, cut the hair of the operation field, disinfect the skin, cut the skin along the midline of the spine from the 10th thoracic vertebra to the 3rd lumbar vertebra, on the left side Separate the muscles 1.5～2cm below the ribs and 1cm from the spine with small vascular forceps. Use two fingers to squeeze the kidney from the lower part of the abdomen. Carefully peel the kidney from the surrounding tissues. Wrap the kidney with sterile cellophane (cellophane in ethanol). Disinfect in 2 to 3 days and nights). Cut a small hole in the center of the cellophane so that the renal artery, vein, and ureter can pass through. Cut one side of the cellophane from the center to the edge, pass the edge to wrap the cellophane around the kidney, and make a cushion suture on the edge of the paper. You can also cut the self-made double-layer latex film into an "X" shape, wrap the kidney across the kidney door, and then cut it on the opposite side, remove the right kidney, remove it after separation, and suture the surgical incision in layers. After the operation, 1% sodium chloride solution can be added as a facilitating factor. After 20 days, more than 70% of the rats developed persistent hypertension. Systolic blood pressure can generally increase by more than 50%. The procedure for dogs is basically the same.

　　(2) Features of the model In addition to cellophane or latex film, the kidney dressing material can also be silk cloth, latex, collodion and other materials. Bandaging of foreign bodies outside the kidney can cause peri-nephritis, forming a fibrous sheath outside the kidney, compressing the kidney parenchyma, causing renal tissue ischemia, increasing the formation of renin, and increasing the blood angiotensin content and blood pressure.

　　(3) Comparative medicine This model is a commonly used hypertension model. Its pathophysiology is similar to that of human hypertension. The operation is simpler, the hypertension is stable, and the response to antihypertensive drugs is more consistent with that of hypertensive patients. It is suitable for Antihypertensive drug screening and efficacy evaluation.