动物模型,动脉粥样硬化 z-bo 2020-08-06 675

　　(1) Reproduction method Experimental macaque monkeys aged 10-16 years old are given 50-75 mg/kg epinephrine intravenously once a week, and fed with a high-fat diet containing 1% cholesterol for 6 consecutive months. 10mg methylthiouracil is added to 150g feed, and the modeling time is 16-17 months. After modeling, the animal is anesthetized and the chest is opened. First, intracardiac injection of 2ml of heparin and 1% sodium nitrite, cannulation of the left ventricle aorta, cut the left atrium, and quickly infuse with 37℃ normal saline at a pressure of 14.7～18.7kPa , And then injected 4 ℃ 2% formaldehyde plus 2.5% glutaraldehyde mixed fixative (250ml/kg body weight). Take the brain by craniotomy, and take the middle cerebral artery and its branches 0.5 to 1.5 cm from the beginning. Dense atheromas can be seen in the large and medium-sized extracranial arteries of the animal after modeling. The middle cerebral artery endothelial cell mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are expanded, the gap is widened, the intima is focally thickened, and the smooth muscle cells of the intima are increased. Ulceration, adhesion of monocytes, intact inner elastic membrane, increased protrusions of smooth muscle cells in the media, abundant organelles, "secretory" changes, and increased stroma. The intima of the central branch is focally thickened with endothelial ulceration. If an elderly monkey aged 16 months to 2 years is used for modeling, the same method can be used for modeling after 22 to 23 months.

　　(2) Model characteristics: This model is modeled by primate macaques, and it is formed after 16-28 months of high-fat diet. Compared with other animal models, its cardiovascular anatomy and physiological functions are closer to those of humans. The mold time is longer.

　　(3) Comparative medicine This model uses rhesus monkeys as model animals. After modeling, the pathological changes of the middle cerebral artery are consistent with the early changes of human atherosclerosis. The changes in the ultrastructure of the central branch also show progressive changes in atherosclerosis. The morphological indications of the middle cerebral artery, the central branch of the middle cerebral artery and the highly heteromorphic smooth muscle cells of the central branch and the large amount of collagen fibers produced in the elderly monkeys increase the stiffness of the artery, which is similar to the pathological changes seen in the clinical senile cerebral arteriosclerosis. Consistent.