动物模型,急性胃溃疡 z-bo 2020-08-07 572

　　(1) Method of replication: Adult experimental mice, fasting without water for 48 hours, orally gavage absolute ethanol (5ml/kg body weight) or acetylsalicylic acid (200mg/kg body weight), or 0.6mol/L Hydrochloric acid (10ml/kg body weight), after 1 hour, the animals were killed by cervical dislocation. Immediately laparotomy, ligating the pylorus and cardia, injecting 1% formaldehyde solution into the stomach, taking the stomach and placing it in the same concentration of formaldehyde solution for fixation. Cut the big bend, turn it over, pour out the contents, gently rinse with water to remove the residue in the stomach, observe the degree of mucus ulcer damage in the glandular stomach, and evaluate it with the ulcer index. If the length of the ulcer is greater than 1mm, the length is measured, and each 1mm is counted as 1 point. If the width is greater than 1mm, the score will be doubled. Add the score to get the ulcer index of the animal. Or adult rats, fasting without water for 48 hours, giving 5ml/kg body weight of absolute ethanol or intraperitoneal injection of 20mg/kg body weight of indomethacin, the former is administered 1h, the latter 4h after administration, and the syringe is used Draw 10ml of 10% formaldehyde solution, inject it into the stomach from the esophagus, and pull out the needle for ligation. Cut off the esophagus and duodenum at both ends of the online ligation, and remove the entire stomach. After 30 minutes, it was opened along the greater curvature, and the bleeding points and focal mucosal defects were examined in the glandular stomach. The size and number of the bleeding and ulcer lesions were used as indicators to measure the long diameter of each ulcer, and the sum of them was used as the ulcer index. The histological observation of gastric mucosal lesions was carried out using light and electron microscope techniques.

　　(2) Model characteristics After administering absolute ethanol, acetylsalicylic acid, and hydrochloric acid to the mice, the gastric mucosa of the model mice was obviously damaged, mainly manifested by a significant increase in ulcer index. Similarly, when rats were administrated with absolute ethanol, the total length of the ulcer of the glandular stomach increased, and hemorrhage appeared in strips. Indomethacin was injected into the intraperitoneal cavity, and the number of injuries of the ulcer of the glandular stomach increased significantly.

　　(3) Comparative medicine Acute gastric ulcer is a disease that occurs under the action of multiple factors such as sudden and severe damage to the body's internal organs, alcohol abuse, and overdose of certain steroid preparations. Under physiological conditions, the surface of the gastric mucosa is covered with a protective layer composed of mucus and bicarbonate secreted by the surface epithelium, forming a surface microenvironment that can reduce or avoid direct contact between gastric acid and pepsin and the mucosa. In this environment, a healthy mucosa can clear the H+ refluxed from the gastric cavity through blood circulation, and synthesize prostaglandins that are beneficial to mucosal blood circulation to maintain the vigorous cell metabolism and regeneration function of the mucosal surface. When an excessive amount of strong acid, ethanol or non-steroidal preparations (such as acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, etc.) is injected into the stomach at one time or in a short period of time, these exogenous substances can destroy this microenvironment and induce acute Stomach ulcer. Mice models of chemical-induced acute gastric ulcers usually use the ulcer index as an indicator to determine the occurrence and extent of ulcers. On this basis, rat models can also use histomorphological changes and other indicators for judgment. This model has clear inducing factors, simple operation method, low price, and good experiment reproducibility. It has become one of the most commonly used experimental models.