动物模型,十二指肠溃疡 z-bo 2020-08-07 575

　　(1) Reproduction method Adult rats were fasted with water for 16 hours, and anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital by intraperitoneal injection. After fixation, the coat was pushed with an electric clipper, and the area was slightly larger than the area of to be burned. Use a gauze ball dipped in warm 20% sodium sulfide solution to pat the depilated area evenly. When the hair melts, rinse off the depilatory with warm water, absorb the water with gauze, and blow dry the depilated skin with a damp cloth to cover the burnt skin around. Spread 3% napalm evenly on the surface of the burnt skin at a weight ratio of 0.01ml/kg, and ignite and burn for 30s in a stable airflow environment. Among them, the configuration method of 3% napalm is to accurately weigh 3g of napalm powder, add gasoline to 100ml, and stir thoroughly in a ground-mouth bottle until the oil powder is evenly mixed into a gel. Immediately after the injury and at different time points thereafter, anesthetize the abdominal section to fully expose the stomach and duodenum, separate the omentum and part of the mesentery, cut along the greater curvature of the stomach to the duodenum, and use the opened duodenum The contents were rinsed with normal saline at 4℃, and the damage of the duodenal mucosa was observed with naked eyes. At the same time, some tissues were taken for histomorphological light and electron microscopy.

　　(2) Characteristics of the model After burning, the duodenal mucosa of the model animal developed ulcers, local erosions and necrosis. It can be seen under the electron microscope that the entire villi of the duodenum are swollen and thick, the surface folds are blurred, the grooves are rough, the arrangement is disordered, and some of the top of the villi are broken. Some of the surface showed spot or strip defects. At 2 and 5 hours after the injury, the intestinal villi edema continued to exist, but the scope of damage was enlarged and the degree aggravated. 8 hours after injury, villous edema still exists, and most of the villous bodies have necrotic foci of different degrees and areas, and some villous bodies split into two halves. 24 hours after the injury, the damage of the villi structure was extremely serious and reached the peak. Some villi split into several pieces, segments, and several necrotic villi fused together to form a necrotic foci, or honeycomb, or hollow, and There are accumulations of okara-like substances. 72 hours after the injury, the edema basically disappeared, but the surface structure was still chaotic, and villous necrosis still existed.

　　(3) Comparative medicine When burns, a variety of factors can cause the body to produce a strong stress response. The increased excitability of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla can cause strong contraction of mucosal blood vessels, reduced local blood flow, and decreased mucosal barrier function, resulting in stress duodenal ulcer. This model can not only cause intestinal villi damage, but also induce ulcers in the gastric mucosa, which is determined by the common pathophysiological basis. Generally speaking, the total incidence, time of occurrence, and severity of duodenal mucosal lesions caused by burns are more sensitive and severe than those of gastric mucosal damage. This model is suitable as an animal model for studying the damage to gastrointestinal mucosa of severe burns and its prevention and treatment measures.