动物造模 z-bo 2020-08-07 474

　　(1) Replication method Adult male Wistar rats, feed according to conventional standards, change the drinking water to 10% ethanol beverage, and at the same time administer 50% ethanol 10ml/kg body weight, twice a day (interval 12h) for 14 weeks. During the modeling period, observe the general activity status of the animals. After modeling, the rats were killed and the livers were removed for histomorphological examination.

　　(2) Characteristics of the model After the animals are administrated with ethanol, the light ones can walk unsteadily and move dullly, and the severe ones can get drunk and lethargic. It takes 30 minutes to 1 hour to return to normal, and the daily food intake is significantly reduced. After 14 weeks of continuous administration, the liver of the model animals increased in size, and the color was dark. Under the microscope, hepatocytes were disordered, the liver cells were swollen and balloon-like, and the cytoplasm was loosened. There were different sizes and numbers of fatty vacuoles and Watery degeneration, multiple spot or focal necrosis in the lobules, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the portal area, mainly neutrophils and lymphocytes, and granular or irregular eosinophils in the cytoplasm of liver cells Body (alcohol body). Sinus endothelial cells swell and proliferate. Under the electron microscope, it was found that the liver cells of the model animals became smaller, the nucleus was irregular, the perinuclear space was unevenly expanded, and some liver cells had sunken nuclei, loose cytoplasm, significantly reduced organelles, swelling and deformation of mitochondria, disappearance of cristae, and expansion of rough endoplasmic reticulum. A large number of fat droplets and vacuoles of different sizes and filamentous arrangement of alcohol bodies (Mallory Body) can be seen in the cytoplasm. The fat storage cells are active.

　　(3) Comparative Medicine Alcoholic fatty liver refers to a series of clinical syndromes and liver pathological changes characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in liver cells caused by ethanol. Fatty liver or steatosis is the earliest pathological change of alcoholic liver disease and the most common liver disease caused by excessive drinking. Excessive accumulation of fat in the liver is not only due to the deposition of food fat in the liver, but also the increase in fat synthesis under the stimulation of ethanol, the increase in free fatty acids caused by abnormal lipid metabolism, and the increase in fat that is not fully degraded or secreted are also important factors. . Therefore, for the preparation of alcoholic fatty liver model on the basis of ordinary feed, continuous ethanol intake can maintain a high level of ethanol concentration in the animal's blood, so that the liver can be in a long-term and uninterrupted state of ethanol oxidation metabolism. Critical. In this model, rats were continuously given large doses of ethanol at a frequency of 12 hours, and 10% ethanol was used as the only drink. At 14 weeks after modeling, hepatocyte steatosis and alcoholic hepatitis-like changes occurred, and liver interstitial reactivity was also seen in some animals. Hyperplasia, these pathological changes are mainly based on increased fat synthesis stimulated by ethanol. This model is characterized by simple replication method, easy operation, disease evolution process and pathological characteristics are very similar to humans, and the model replication success rate is high.