动物模型,神经性耳聋 z-bo 2020-08-08 585

　　(1) Reproduction method Healthy common-grade variegated guinea pigs, both male and female, weighing 400-500g, with sensitive ear reflex. Otoscope examination excludes external and middle ear inflammation. Method ①: G-bacteria endotoxin lipopolysaccharide 1g/L, each animal in the experimental group was injected with E. coli lipopolysaccharide through the tympanic membrane of both ears under the microscope; the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline as a control. Method ②: Intramuscular injection of kanamycin (or gentamicin) 400 mg/kg body weight, 1 time/d, 7-10 days in total. The auricular auditory reflex and brainstem evoked potentials were examined before and 1d and 10d after the modeling. The animals were sacrificed, the ear and temporal tissues were dissected, and 1% silver nitrate or 3% glutaraldehyde was injected from the round window and the apex of the worm, respectively, for cochlear preparation and scanning electron microscope observation.

　　(2) Characteristics of the model Compared with the control group, the hearing loss of the brainstem evoked auditory potential changes in this model was significantly reduced, and the hearing threshold of guinea pigs in the model group was significantly increased. There are inflammatory manifestations in the middle ear; at the same time, there are pathological changes of inner ear tissues such as endolymphatic pericyst, stria vascularis and spiral ligament congestion and edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, hair cell degeneration, etc.; cochlear spiral organ hair cells are seriously damaged, and outer hair cells are even worse , The inner hair cell is slightly damaged, the outer hair cell is more severely damaged in the first round, followed by the second round, and lighter in the third round, showing disorderly arrangement, lodging, twisting and deforming, pointing to different directions, severe hearing Hair loss, defect, or even large scale loss, basement membrane plate is also damaged to varying degrees, cochlear spiral vein and capillary congestion, inflammatory cell aggregation and infiltration are obvious. It suggests the way of inner ear damage caused by local infection of middle ear. The model is stable and reliable, and the method is easy to master.

　　(3) Comparative Medicine Infectious neurological deafness is mostly caused by acute and chronic otitis media and its complications. It occupies a considerable proportion of deafness and seriously affects people's quality of life. Because the mechanism of inner ear damage is not clear, how to prevent the occurrence of infectious neurological deafness has become an urgent problem to be solved. At present, there is no direct, non-invasive and effective detection method for inner ear lesions, and the inner ear tissue cannot be biopsy due to the special location. The model established by this method has good practical value for further exploring the mechanism of infectious neurological deafness and clarifying the development process of inflammatory damage in the middle and inner ear.