【Animal Modeling】-Research Progress on Animal Models of Tic Disorders

  Tic disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, mainly manifested as involuntary repetitive sudden movements and vocalization. May be accompanied by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disabilities, obsessive-compulsive disorder and behavioral disorders. It will have a serious impact on children's learning, social adaptability and mental health development. However, its etiology, pathogenesis and pharmacological mechanism are not fully understood. These basic studies need to be further studied and verified through animal models.

  There are many ways to establish a tic disorder model, mainly based on the possible causes of the disease, such as neurotransmitter abnormalities, immune disorders, genetic factors, etc., but a complete animal model does not meet the requirements of tic disorder.