动物模型,变应性鼻炎 z-bo 2020-08-08 543

　　(1) Replication method Adult male rats weighing 200～250g, each rat uses 1mg egg albumin (EA) plus aluminum hydroxide gel as an adjuvant, and intraperitoneal injection of the rat; another 100mg of pertussis toxin is taken Intraperitoneal injection, repeated injection 2 weeks later. Then instill the same concentration of egg albumin in the nasal cavity once a day for 5 days. The blood was collected to separate the serum for passive skin transfer test (PCA), and the diameter of the blue spots on the skin where the sensitized serum was injected was observed. If the diameter was greater than 5 mm, it was regarded as a positive reaction, which confirmed the successful model production. The titer of PCA in model animals is between 1:64 and 1:512.

　　(2) Characteristics of the model 1 day before modeling, the rats were given EA antigen instillation. The rats appeared to scratch their nose with the front paws, and made a sound of "squeaking", and there were droplets in the front nostrils, etc., similar to clinical allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis, AR) The clinical manifestations of the patient. The human nasal mucosa is rich in substance P (SP) nerve fibers. When nasal allergic diseases occur, SP nerve functions are enhanced. At the same time, mast cells in the nasal mucosa are the main source of chemical mediators for allergic rhinitis . When an animal develops allergic rhinitis, the interaction between SP nerves in the nasal mucosa and mast cells can lead to changes in the ion secretion characteristics of mucosal epithelial cells, which in turn causes abnormalities in the permeability and secretory function of the nasal mucosal epithelium, leading to abnormalities in the body. Series of pathophysiological changes.

　　(3) Comparative medicine Clinically, the SP content in plasma and nasal secretions of patients with allergic rhinitis is significantly higher than that in normal people. Stimulating the nasal mucosa with SP can induce clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis. This method can replicate the AR model. On the one hand, it may have the direct effect of SP, and on the other hand, it may be the indirect effect of other neuropeptides or neurotransmitters released after SP stimulates the mucosal central nervous tissue. . Since substance P plays an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal allergic diseases, this model has good practical value in studying the role of SP in the pathogenesis of human nasal allergic diseases.