动物造模,疾病动物模型 z-bio 2021-09-26 554

　　Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Greg's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective degeneration and apoptosis of upper and lower motor neurons, a type of neuron that controls muscle contraction. , Causing paralysis and eventually death. ALS is divided into familial and dispersive types, familial ALS (fALS) accounts for about 10%, and sporadic ALS (sALS) accounts for 90%. A variety of gene mutations that cause ALS have been found, accounting for only about 20% to 30% of these cases. However, the etiology of most familial and most scattered cases is still unknown, which may be related to excitotoxicity of glutamate in nerve synapses, oxidative stress, neurotrophic factors, autoimmune response, heavy metal poisoning, lentiviral infection, etc. Related.

　　ALS currently lacks effective treatments. The discovery of new disease-causing genes and susceptibility genes, and the search for the common mechanisms and therapeutic targets of ALS caused by different disease-causing genes are still the current research hotspots. This article summarizes the currently discovered ALS-related gene mutations and animal models as follows.