动物模型,间充质干细胞,慢性肝病 z-bio 2021-08-23 388

　　Chronic liver disease is caused by liver damage factors such as viruses, autoimmunity, bile obstruction, toxicants, metabolic diseases, etc., which cause chronic liver damage. Epidemiological data show that there are currently 550 million people infected with hepatitis virus worldwide and about 400,000 people die from viral liver disease every year. In China, the population infected with hepatitis virus accounts for about 10%, of which hepatitis B reaches 7.2%. About 3.8% of the world’s deaths from liver disease are caused by alcoholic liver disease (ald) caused by drinking, and nearly 30% of people suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) .

　　Although liver transplantation is an effective method for the treatment of terminal liver disease, the shortage of liver sources for transplantation, surgical complications, immune rejection, and high medical expenses restrict the application of this treatment method. In recent years, the development of stem cells in the field of regenerative medicine has provided broad application prospects for solving clinical medical problems. MesenchyMal stem cells (mesenchyMal stem cells, Mscs) have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of cells in the three germ layers. They are easy to obtain and have no ethical issues, making them more suitable for clinical treatment. At present, Mscs has carried out preliminary human clinical trials for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. However, the results of clinical trials are contradictory: the results of some randomized controlled trials have shown that the liver function of patients has been significantly improved by transplantation of bone marrow Mscs. In contrast, other clinical trials did not improve the liver function of patients with liver cirrhosis after Mscs transplantation. Because most clinical trials lack a reasonable randomized controlled experimental design, it is difficult to make accurate conclusions on the effectiveness of Mscs transplantation in the treatment of liver disease. In addition, studies have found that human bone marrow Mscs can differentiate into myofibroblasts in mice. In addition, whether Mscs promotes tumor growth or inhibits tumor growth in vivo is also controversial. Therefore, before using Mscs as a "drug" for liver disease treatment into clinical application, strict standards must be formulated, and the effectiveness and safety of Mscs cell transplantation therapy must be evaluated by comparing with other conventional drugs. The key to safety and effectiveness evaluation is to establish a suitable animal model that can simulate human liver disease. However, the lack of suitable animal models that can truly reproduce the pathological and metabolic characteristics of human liver disease has severely restricted the development of drugs and treatments for liver disease.