动物模型,肾小管坏死 z-bo 2020-08-12 455

　　[Operation steps] BALB/c mice, placed in an environment containing 5 mg of chloroform per liter of air, for 3 hours, can cause kidney necrosis to varying degrees.

　　[Result analysis] The incidence of male mice born between 46 and 106 days can be as high as 90%. After 24 hours of continuous exposure to chloroform aerosol, the histological observation of the animal’s kidney showed extensive kidney damage and obvious necrosis of renal tubules.

　　7.8.2 Rat model of acute tubular necrosis

　　[Operation steps] SD or Wistar rats, weighing 190-250g, were kept in a metabolic cage before the experiment, and food, drinking water and urine output were recorded. During the experiment, 1.0 mg/kg mercury chloride was injected from the tail vein. A phenotype of acute tubular necrosis appeared after 24 hours.

　　[Result analysis] 24 hours after the tail vein injection of mercuric chloride, the urine volume decreased significantly, the urine osmotic concentration decreased, and cytological changes appeared. Renal necrosis was seen near the end of the convoluted tubule.

　　7.8.3 Models of renal necrosis caused by preparations such as sodium nitrate and 4-nitrocatechol

　　[Operation steps] Adult male SD or Wistar rats are kept in a metabolic cage before the experiment, and the urine output for 12 hours and the acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glutamyl dehydrogenase in urine are measured. The normal level of excretion. The following different drugs can be used for intraperitoneal injection and modeling of rats.

　　(1) Sodium nitrate: 2.5mg/(ml·100g);

　　(2) 4-nitrocatechol: 1mg/(ml·100g);

　　(3) 4-nitrothearsic acid; 2.5mg/(ml·100g);

　　(4) 4-Aminocatechol: 1.5mg/(ml·100g).

　　Measure urine volume and urinary enzyme volume 12h after administration.

　　[Result analysis] The urine output of rats with nephrotoxicity generally decreased, and the excretion of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase increased; the excretion of acid phosphatase and glutamyl dehydrogenase was within the normal range. Renal tissue showed extensive damage and obvious necrosis of renal tubules.