动物模型,贫血 z-bo 2020-08-12 428

　　1 Sex-linked hereditary anemia mice

　　sex-linked hereditary anemia mice, the gene symbol sla, is X chromosome sex-linked recessive

　　Sexual inheritance. It can be produced after radiation mutagenesis, and the mice with anemia symptoms can be screened through passage.

　　[Analysis of the results] The sla gene determines the obstacles in the process of iron transfer from mucosa to plasma. The intestinal mucosa of sla mice has iron transport to plasma and iron transport in the placenta. It is manifested as low hemoglobin and abnormal hemoglobin synthesis during red blood cell development.

　　2 hereditary small cell anemia mice

　　hereditary small cell anemia mice, the gene symbol mk, is an autosomal dominant inheritance. Defective mice have reduced serum iron, reduced iron storage in tissues, and increased red blood cell free protoporphyrin concentration, showing symptoms of iron deficiency.

　　[Analysis of the results] The mk gene caused a barrier to iron absorption in the mucous membranes. The intestinal mucosal cells of mk mice have abnormal iron uptake, and the developing red blood cells and iron storage cells of the mononuclear macrophage system also have iron uptake barriers. The increase in urinary biliary excretion in feces is presumably caused by iron deficiency caused by ineffective red blood cell proliferation, shortened red blood cell life span, and increased hemoglobin catabolism.

　　3 Belgrade anemia experimental rat

　　Belgrade anemia experimental rat, gene symbol b, hereditary hypochromic small cell anemia is an autosomal recessive inheritance. After the administration of iron via the gastrointestinal tract, the tissue iron storage is overloaded, and there is hyperironemia.

　　[Result analysis] Belgrade anemia experimental rats showed hypoglobin. The mechanism of anemia is not iron deficiency, but iron utilization disorder, which may be caused by abnormal synthesis of globin chains. It has the characteristics of thalassemia, such as abnormal red blood cell morphology and hyperironemia, but to determine that this anemia is indeed caused by hemoglobin synthesis disorder or iron metabolism disorder, further research is needed. Rodent hereditary anemia is a very useful model for studying iron and hemoglobin metabolism.