动物造模 z-bio 2022-05-16 399

　　Objective: To evaluate the microsatellite genetic structure of three outbred guinea pig populations cultivated in our school, and to screen the microsatellite loci that show differential alleles among different populations, so as to provide data for future genetic breeding and application of guinea pigs.

　　Methods: Using 45 pairs of primers, PCR and electrophoresis were used to amplify and analyze the microsatellite DNA of three guinea pig populations in our school, calculate the allele polymorphism and other parameters of each site, and screen out the allele differences among the populations. Altered microsatellite loci.

　　Results: All microsatellite loci were polymorphic in the guinea pig population. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from 2 to 7, the average number of genes at loci was 2.29, and the average number of effective genes was 1.74; the average expected heterozygosity was 0.39, and the average The observed heterozygosity was 0.2, the confidence range of polymorphic information content was 0.0739 ~ 0.6443, and the average PIC was 0.3. 68.9% of the loci were moderately polymorphic; the average Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium P value was 0.1734, and all groups were P> 0.05, but for the gene balance state of each locus, a total of 20 loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium extremely significantly, the average deviation index D of the population was -0.407; It was 5.835, which also clarified the Nei genetic distance and genetic similarity between populations.

　　Conclusion: The genetic variation of the three guinea pig populations is moderately polymorphic, the average genetic difference between the populations is not significant, and the genetic similarity is high. The genetic deviation of the population from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is more prominent, serious inbreeding occurs, and the population is in the middle The genetic variation level is high, but the high gene flow prevents the genetic differentiation from occurring. The reasons for these problems are mainly due to the small reproduction number of this group and the limited range of seed selection, etc., which should be paid attention to in the breeding process in the future. Twelve microsatellite loci related to different populations or coat color guinea pigs were screened, and 7 population-specific microsatellite loci were screened, which may be used for trait gene mapping.