小鼠实验,基因突变 z-bo 2020-08-18 514

　　In a recent animal experiment study, it is surprising that a mutation in one molecule of the ribosome does not cause cell death, but when a second mutation is present at the same time, these two mutations will double the effect and Causes cell death. The results of this study help scientists understand how a person's genetic makeup affects whether a particular mutation causes or skips the disease and endures the disease.

　　Every living thing on the earth relies on ribosomes to synthesize protein. This huge and complex molecular machine requires a very complex and dynamic assembly process in the body, which requires assembly, disassembly and reassembly processes, and organisms also need this process. In this latest study, scientists have deeply studied the neurodegenerative process closely related to gene mutations, conducted mouse studies, and analyzed the process of neuronal cell death in the central nervous system of mice. Researchers found that in the absence of a special protein to repeatedly extract ribosomes, protein synthesis in mice may stop, leading to neuronal cell death. Then, the researchers further investigated whether this missing protein caused the same problem in different genetic backgrounds. But, surprisingly, the lack of this protein can only cause neuronal cell death in certain genetic backgrounds, depending on another gene that is affected by ribosome-related mutations. Suggest. After repeated experiments, the researchers finally discovered the second gene GTPBP2, which is located in a special tRNA in the brain. The role of tRNA is to convert DNA into protein. This mutation in the tRNA gene causes the ribosome to stop on a special DNA sequence, thereby slowing down the protein synthesis process.

　　The researchers pointed out that researchers using this mouse model also need to be careful, because the genetic background used in this study is used to construct other human disease models.